sugammadex

RECENT MAJOR CHANGES Indication and Usage (1) 12/2024

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Sugammadex injection is indicated for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade induced by rocuronium bromide and vecuronium bromide in adult and pediatric patients aged 2 years and older undergoing surgery. Additional pediatric use information is approved for Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC’s BRIDION ® (sugammadex) injection. However, due to Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC’s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that information . Sugammadex injection is indicated for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade induced by rocuronium bromide and vecuronium bromide in adult and pediatric patients aged 2 years and older undergoing surgery. ( 1 )

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Dosing is based on actual body weight ( 2.1 ) Monitor for twitch responses to determine the timing and dose for Sugammadex Injection administration. ( 2.1 ) Administer as a single bolus injection. ( 2.1 ) For rocuronium and vecuronium: 4 mg/kg is recommended if spontaneous recovery of the twitch response has reached 1 to 2 post-tetanic counts (PTC) and there are no twitch responses to train-of-four (TOF) stimulation. ( 2.2 ) 2 mg/kg is recommended if spontaneous recovery has reached the reappearance of the second twitch in response to TOF stimulation. ( 2.2 ) For rocuronium only : 16 mg/kg is recommended if there is a clinical need to reverse neuromuscular blockade soon (approximately 3 minutes) after administration of a single dose of 1.2 mg/kg of rocuronium. Immediate reversal in pediatric patients has not been studied. ( 2.2 ) 2.1 Important Dosing and Administration Information Sugammadex Injection dosing is based on actual body weight. Sugammadex Injection, for intravenous use, should be administered by trained healthcare providers familiar with the use, actions, characteristics, and complications of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBA) and neuromuscular block reversal agents. Doses and timing of Sugammadex Injection administration should be based on monitoring for twitch responses and the extent of spontaneous recovery that has occurred. Administer Sugammadex Injection intravenously as a single bolus injection. The bolus injection may be given over 10 seconds, into an existing intravenous line. Sugammadex Injection has only been administered as a single bolus injection in clinical trials. From the time of Sugammadex Injection administration until complete recovery of neuromuscular function, monitor the patient to assure adequate ventilation and maintenance of a patent airway. Satisfactory recovery should be determined through assessment of skeletal muscle tone and respiratory measurements in addition to the response to peripheral nerve stimulation. The recommended dose of Sugammadex Injection does not depend on the anesthetic regimen. Preparation of dilution for pediatric use: Sugammadex 100 mg/mL may be diluted to a concentration of 10 mg/mL, using 0.9% sodium chloride injection, USP, to increase the accuracy of dosing in the pediatric population. To prepare the required dose, aseptically transfer all the contents of the 2 mL prefilled syringe of Sugammadex Injection containing 200 mg sugammadex (100 mg/mL) to a bottle (or intravenous bag) containing 18 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride injection, to achieve a final concentration of 10 mg/mL sugammadex. The diluted solution should be used immediately. Sugammadex injection is a single-dose sterile solution without preservatives. Discard any unused portion from the prefilled syringe. 2.2 Recommended Dosing Sugammadex Injection can be used to reverse different levels of rocuronium- or vecuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade. For rocuronium and vecuronium: A dose of 4 mg/kg Sugammadex Injection is recommended if spontaneous recovery of the twitch response has reached 1 to 2 post-tetanic counts (PTC) and there are no twitch responses to train-of-four (TOF) stimulation following rocuronium- or vecuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )]. A dose of 2 mg/kg Sugammadex Injection is recommended if spontaneous recovery has reached the reappearance of the second twitch (T 2 ) in response to TOF stimulation following rocuronium- or vecuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )]. For rocuronium only: A dose of 16 mg/kg Sugammadex Injection is recommended if there is a clinical need to reverse neuromuscular blockade soon (approximately 3 minutes) after administration of a single dose of 1.2 mg/kg of rocuronium. The efficacy of the 16 mg/kg dose of Sugammadex Injection following administration of vecuronium has not been studied. Immediate reversal in pediatric patients has not been studied [see …

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Sugammadex injection is a sterile, clear, colorless to slightly yellow-brown, non-pyrogenic aqueous solution intended for intravenous infusion. Sugammadex injection is available as follows: 200 mg per 2 mL (100 mg per mL) in a single-dose vial for bolus injection 500 mg per 5 mL (100 mg per mL), in a single-dose vial for bolus injection 200 mg per 2 mL (100 mg per mL) in a single-dose vial for bolus injection ( 3 ) 500 mg per 5 mL (100 mg per mL) in a single-dose vial for bolus injection ( 3 )

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Sugammadex injection is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to sugammadex or any of its components. Hypersensitivity reactions that occurred varied from isolated skin reactions to serious systemic reactions (i.e., anaphylaxis, anaphylactic shock) and have occurred in patients with no prior exposure to sugammadex [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ), Adverse Reactions ( 6 )] . Known hypersensitivity to sugammadex or any of its components. ( 4 )

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following serious adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: Anaphylaxis and Hypersensitivity [see Contraindications (4), Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Marked Bradycardia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] • Most common adverse reactions (reported in ≥10% of adult patients at a 2, 4, or 16 mg/kg sugammadex injection dose and higher than the placebo rate): vomiting, pain, nausea, hypotension, and headache. ( 6.1 ) • Most common adverse reactions (reported in ≥10% of pediatric patients 2 to <17 years of age at sugammadex injection doses of 2 or 4 mg/kg) were pain, vomiting, and nausea. (6.1) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Inc., at 1-888-375-3784 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Adult Patients The data described below reflect 2914 subjects exposed to 2, 4, or 16 mg/kg sugammadex and 544 to placebo in pooled Phase 1 to 3 studies. The population was 18 to 92 years old, 47% male and 53% female, 34% ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) Class 1, 51% ASA Class 2, and 14% ASA Class 3, and 82% Caucasian. Most subjects received a single dose of sugammadex 2 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg. Adverse reactions reported in ≥10% of patients at a 2, 4, or 16 mg/kg sugammadex dose with a rate higher than the placebo rate are: vomiting, pain, nausea, hypotension, and headache. All adverse reactions occurring in ≥2% of subjects treated with sugammadex and more often than placebo for adult subjects who received anesthesia and/or neuromuscular blocking agent in pooled Phase 1 to 3 studies are presented in Table 2. Table 2: Percent of Subject Exposures in Pooled Phase 1 to 3 Studies with Adverse Reactions Incidence ≥ 2% Sugammadex Placebo Body System Preferred Term 2 mg/kg (N=895) n (%) 4 mg/kg (N=1921) n (%) 16 mg/kg (N=98) n (%) (N=544) n (%) Injury, poisoning and procedural complications Incision site pain 58 (6) 106 (6) 4 (4) 6 (1) Procedural complication 13 (1) 27 (1) 8 (8) 3 (1) Airway complication of anesthesia 11 (1) 13 (1) 9 (9) 0 Anesthetic complication 8 (1) 14 (1) 9 (9) 1 (<1) Wound hemorrhage 5 (1) 38 (2) 0 8 (1) Recurrence of neuromuscular blockade 0 1 (<1) 2 (2) 0 Gastrointestinal disorders Nausea* 208 (23) 503 (26) 23 (23) 127 (23) Vomiting* 98 (11) 236 (12) 15 (15) 57 (10) Abdominal pain* 48 (5) 68 (4) 6 (6) 17 (3) Flatulence 17 (2) 51 (3) 1 (1) 10 (2) Dry mouth 9 (1) 5 (<1) 2 (2) 0 General disorders and administration site conditions Pain* 434 (48) 993 (52) 35 (36) 207 (38) Pyrexia 77 (9) 109 (6) 5 (5) 17 (3) Chills 30 (3) 61 (3) 7 (7) 27 (5) Nervous system disorders Headache 61 (7) 99 (5) 10 (10) 42 (8) Dizziness 44 (5) 67 (3) 6 (6) 13 (2) Hypoesthesia 12 (1) 24 (1) 3 (3) 9 (2) Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders Oropharyngeal pain 42 (5) 66 (3) 5 (5) 27 (5) Cough 13 (1) 49 (3) 8 (8) 11 (2) Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders Pain in extremity 13 (1) 35 (2) 6 (6) 15 (3) Musculoskeletal pain 16 (2) 33 (2) 1 (1) 6 (1) Myalgia 5 (1) 17 (1) 2 (2) 3 (1) Psychiatric disorders Insomnia 20 (2) 103 (5) 5 (5) 22 (4) Anxiety 14 (2) 19 (1) 3 (3) 1 (<1) Restlessness 3 (<1) 17 (1) 2 (2) 2 (<1) Depression 2 (<1) 5 (<1) 2 (2) 0 Investigations Red blood cell count decreased* 13 (1) 34 (2) 1 (1) 2 (<1) Electrocardiogram QT interval abnormal* 13 (1) 7 (<1) 6 (6) 4 (1) Blood creatine phosphokinase increased 9 (1) 14 (1) 2 (2) 1 (<1) Vascular disorders Hypertension* 48 (5) 96 (5) 9 (9) 38 (7) Hypotension* 33 (4) 102 (5) 13 (13) 20 (4) Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders Pruritus 17 (2) 50 (3) 2 (2) 9 (2) Erythema 5 (1) 31 (2) 0 6 (1) Metabolism and nutrition disorders Hypocalcemia 15 (2) 12 (1) 0 4 (1) Cardiac disorders Tachycardia* 17 (2) 29 …

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Toremifene : Concomitant use can delay recovery. ( 7.2 ) Hormonal contraceptives : Patients must use an additional, non-hormonal method of contraception for 7 days following sugammadex injection administration. ( 5.6 , 7.3 ) 7.1 Summary The information reported in sections 7.2 to 7.4 is based on binding affinity between sugammadex injection and other drugs, preclinical experiments, clinical studies and simulations of a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model. Based on these considerations, no clinically significant pharmacodynamic interactions with other drugs are expected, with the exception of toremifene and hormonal contraceptives. 7.2 Interactions Potentially Affecting the Efficacy of Sugammadex Injection Toremifene For toremifene, which has a relatively high binding affinity for sugammadex and for which relatively high plasma concentrations might be present, some displacement of vecuronium or rocuronium from the complex with sugammadex injection could occur. The recovery to TOF ratio to 0.9 could therefore be delayed in patients who have received toremifene on the same day of surgery. 7.3 Interaction Potentially Affecting the Efficacy of Hormonal Contraceptives In vitro binding studies indicate that sugammadex injection may bind to progestogen, thereby decreasing progestogen exposure. Therefore, the administration of a bolus dose of sugammadex injection is considered to be equivalent to missing dose(s) of oral contraceptives containing an estrogen or progestogen. If an oral contraceptive is taken on the same day that sugammadex injection is administered, the patient must use an additional, non-hormonal contraceptive method or back-up method of contraception (such as condoms and spermicides) for the next 7 days. In the case of non-oral hormonal contraceptives, the patient must use an additional, non-hormonal contraceptive method or back-up method of contraception (such as condoms and spermicides) for the next 7 days. 7.4 Interference with Laboratory Tests Sugammadex injection may interfere with the serum progesterone assay. Interference with this test was observed at sugammadex plasma concentrations of 100 mcg/mL, which may be observed for up to 30 minutes after a 16 mg/kg dose.

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS • Severe Renal Impairment : Not recommended. ( 8.6 ) Additional pediatric use information is approved for Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC’s BRIDION ® (sugammadex) injection. However, due to Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC’s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that information. 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary There are no clinical trial data on sugammadex use in pregnant women to inform any drug-associated risks. The available data from the pharmacovigilance safety database and published literature on sugammadex use in pregnant women are insufficient to identify a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. In animal reproduction studies, there was no evidence of malformations following daily intravenous administration of sugammadex to rats and rabbits during organogenesis at exposures of up to 6 and 8 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 16 mg/kg. However, there was an increase in the incidence of incomplete ossification of the sternebra and reduced fetal body weights in the rabbit study at 8 times the MRHD, which is a dose level in which maternal toxicity was also observed. In a pre- and postnatal development study, sugammadex treatment resulted in an increase in early postnatal loss, which correlated with maternal behavior (increased incidence of pup cannibalism), at exposures equivalent to the MRHD and higher (see Data ). The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population are unknown. However, the background risk in the U.S. general population of major birth defects is 2-4% and of miscarriage is 15-20% of clinically recognized pregnancies. Data Animal Data In an embryofetal development study in rats, pregnant animals received daily intravenous administration of sugammadex at 0, 20, 100, and 500 mg/kg (0.2, 1, and 6 times the MRHD of 16 mg/kg/day, respectively, based on AUC comparison) during organogenesis (Gestational Days 6-17). No treatment-related maternal and embryofetal changes were observed. In another embryofetal development study, pregnant New Zealand white rabbits received daily intravenous administration of sugammadex at 0, 20, 65, 200 mg/kg (0.6, 2, and 8 times the MRHD, respectively, based on AUC comparison) during organogenesis (Gestational Days 6-18). Fetal body weight decreases (10 and 14%, respectively) were observed in the offspring at maternal doses of 65 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. In addition, incomplete ossification of sternebra, and unossified 1st metacarpal were noted at a maternal dose of 200 mg/kg/day. Maternal toxicity was also observed at 200 mg/kg. Considering the observed effects of sugammadex on bone [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.2) ] , it is possible that these findings may be attributable to drug. There was no evidence of malformations at any dose. In a prenatal and postnatal development study, pregnant rats were administered sugammadex intravenously at 0, 30, 120, and 500 mg/kg (0.3, 1, and 6 times the MRHD, respectively, based on AUC comparison) from Gestational Day (GD) 6 to Postnatal Day (PND) 21 (corresponding to the beginning of organogenesis through parturition and subsequent pup weaning). Postnatal loss during PND 1-4 was noted across control litters and treated litters from dams receiving sugammadex as a result of pup cannibalization by dams. Overall incidence of affected litters was 2, 1, 4, and 3 litters, respectively, at 0, 30, 120, or 500 mg/kg/day. The reason for the increased cannibalization is not known. An effect of sugammadex on steroidal hormones and/or pheromones cannot be ruled out. In addition, there were no drug-related effects on parturition in rats during evaluations for prenatal or postnatal development. 8.2 Lactation Risk Summary No data are available regarding the presence of sugammadex in human milk, the effects of sugammadex on the breast fed infant, or the effects of sugammadex on milk production. However, sug …

12.1 Mechanism of Action Sugammadex Injection is a modified gamma cyclodextrin. It forms a complex with the neuromuscular blocking agents rocuronium and vecuronium, and it reduces the amount of neuromuscular blocking agent available to bind to nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the neuromuscular junction. This results in the reversal of neuromuscular blockade induced by rocuronium and vecuronium.

11 DESCRIPTION Sugammadex Injection, for intravenous use, contains sugammadex sodium, a modified gamma cyclodextrin chemically designated as 6 A ,6 B ,6 C ,6 D ,6 E ,6 F ,6 G ,6 H -Octakis-S-(2-carboxyethyl)-6 A ,6 B ,6 C ,6 D ,6 E ,6 F ,6 G ,6 H -octathio-γ-cyclodextrin sodium salt (1:8) with a molecular weight of 2178.01. The structural formula is: Sugammadex injection is supplied as a sterile, non-pyrogenic aqueous solution that is clear, colorless to slightly yellow or yellow-brown for intravenous injection only. Each mL contains 100 mg sugammadex, which is equivalent to 108.8 mg sugammadex sodium. The aqueous solution is adjusted to a pH of between 7 and 8 with hydrochloric acid and/or sodium hydroxide. The osmolality of the product is between 300 and 500 mOsmol/kg. Sugammadex injection may contain up to 7 mg/mL of the mono OH-derivative of sugammadex [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.2) ]. This derivative is chemically designated as 6 A ,6 B ,6 C ,6 D ,6 E ,6 F ,6 G -Heptakis-S-(2-carboxyethyl)- 6 A ,6 B ,6 C ,6 D ,6 E ,6 F ,6 G -heptathio-γ-cyclodextrin sodium salt (1:7) with a molecular weight of 2067.90. The structural formula is: Sugammadex Sodium Structural Formula Mono OH-derivative of Sugammadex Structural Formula

10 OVERDOSAGE In premarketing clinical trials, one case of accidental overdose with 40 mg/kg sugammadex injection was reported without significant effects. Sugammadex injection can be removed using hemodialysis with a high-flux filter, but not with a low-flux filter. Based upon clinical studies, sugammadex injection concentrations in plasma are reduced with a high-flux filter by about 70% after a 3- to 6-hour dialysis session.

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Sugammadex injection is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow-brown color solution for intravenous infusion. Sugammadex injection is available in the following presentations: • Sugammadex injection 2 mL single-dose vials containing 200 mg sugammadex (100 mg/mL) Carton of 10 NDC 31722-254-10 Single-dose Vials � NDC 31722-254-31 • Sugammadex injection 5 mL single-dose vials containing 500 mg sugammadex (100 mg/mL) Carton of 10 NDC 31722-255-10 Single-dose Vials NDC 31722-255-31 The packaging of this product is not made with natural rubber latex. Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Protect from light. When not protected from light, the vial should be used within 5 days. Discard unused portion.