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Prograf

Tacrolimus · Capsule, Gelatin Coated

Prescription NDA TE AB RLD Official labelling
Informational index, not medical advice. Content is reproduced from public FDA and NLM data. Always confirm against the manufacturer's current prescribing information. Report adverse events to FDA MedWatch.

Overview

Brand name
Prograf
Generic name
Tacrolimus
Dosage form
Capsule, Gelatin Coated
Route
Oral
Marketing category
NDA · NDA
Labeler
Astellas Pharma US, Inc.
Product type
Human Prescription Drug
DEA schedule
Not scheduled
Active ingredients
3
NDC product codes
3
Packages
3
Data completeness
77% of corroborating sources present

Active ingredients

Source: NDC Directory
Active ingredients and strengths as listed in the NDC Directory.
Ingredient Strength RxCUI Monograph
Tacrolimus .5 mg/1 108513 View
Tacrolimus 1 mg/1 108513 View
Tacrolimus 5 mg/1 108513 View

Forms, strengths and routes

Source: NDC Directory
Dosage form
Capsule, Gelatin Coated
Route of administration
Oral
Presentations
6

Pharmacologic classes are listed in the class section below.

Pharmacologic class

Source: NDC Directory
Established pharmacologic classes (EPC), mechanisms of action (MoA), chemical structures (CS) and physiologic effects (PE).
Class Type Browse
Calcineurin Inhibitor Immunosuppressant [EPC] EPC All 20 members
Calcineurin Inhibitors [MoA] MoA All 20 members

Regulatory status

Source: Drugs@FDANDC Directory
Application number
050708
Application type
NDA · New Drug Application
Approval date
April 8, 1994
Sponsor
ASTELLAS
Products on application
3
Submissions recorded
37
Products approved under application 050708.
Product Trade name Form Strength Ingredient Status TE Flags
050708-001 PROGRAF CAPSULE TACROLIMUS Prescription AB RLD
050708-002 PROGRAF CAPSULE TACROLIMUS Prescription AB RLD RS
050708-003 PROGRAF CAPSULE TACROLIMUS Prescription AB RLD

Therapeutic equivalence

Source: Orange Book
TE code
AB
Reference Listed Drug
Yes
Reference Standard
Yes

What this rating means: Therapeutically equivalent — bioequivalence demonstrated by in vivo or in vitro testing

Codes beginning with “A” indicate products the FDA considers therapeutically equivalent. Codes beginning with “B” indicate bioequivalence has not been established. See methodology.

Patents and exclusivity

Source: Orange Book
Regulatory exclusivity periods.
Code Expires Product
ODE-360 July 16, 2028 001
ODE-360 July 16, 2028 002
ODE-360 July 16, 2028 003

Approval history

Source: Drugs@FDA
Most recent submissions on application 050708.
Type No. Action Status Date Review
Supplement 55 Labeling Approved September 14, 2023 Standard
Supplement 54 Labeling Approved November 22, 2022 Standard
Supplement 53 Efficacy Approved July 16, 2021 Priority
Supplement 52 Labeling Approved December 30, 2020 Standard
Supplement 50 Labeling Approved June 11, 2019 Standard
Supplement 48 Labeling Approved December 2, 2018 Standard
Supplement 47 Labeling Approved May 24, 2018 Standard
Supplement 45 Labeling Approved May 19, 2015 Standard
Supplement 44 Manufacturing (CMC) Approved March 19, 2014 Priority
Supplement 43 Labeling Approved September 4, 2013 Standard
Supplement 42 Manufacturing (CMC) Approved January 28, 2013 Priority
Supplement 41 Labeling Approved August 14, 2012 Standard
Supplement 40 Labeling Approved July 5, 2012 Standard
Supplement 38 Labeling Approved February 6, 2012 Standard
Supplement 37 Labeling Approved July 14, 2011 Standard
Supplement 36 Labeling Approved July 14, 2011 Standard
Supplement 27 Efficacy Approved May 19, 2009 Unknown
Supplement 34 Labeling Approved February 13, 2009 Standard
Supplement 26 Labeling Approved April 27, 2006 Standard
Supplement 24 Efficacy Approved March 29, 2006 Standard
Supplement 25 Labeling Approved December 13, 2005 Standard
Supplement 21 Labeling Approved June 16, 2004 Standard
Supplement 17 Manufacturing (CMC) Approved October 24, 2002 Priority
Supplement 16 Labeling Approved July 25, 2001 Standard
Supplement 15 Labeling Approved July 25, 2001 Standard
Supplement 14 Manufacturing (CMC) Approved May 8, 2001 Priority
Supplement 13 Efficacy Approved December 1, 2000 Standard
Supplement 11 Manufacturing (CMC) Approved August 24, 1998 Priority
Supplement 10 Manufacturing (CMC) Approved August 24, 1998 Priority
Supplement 9 Manufacturing (CMC) Approved April 20, 1998 Priority
Supplement 8 Efficacy Approved April 22, 1997 Unknown
Supplement 7 Efficacy Approved April 22, 1997 Standard
Supplement 6 Labeling Approved April 25, 1996 Standard
Supplement 5 Manufacturing (CMC) Approved June 22, 1995 Priority
Supplement 4 Manufacturing (CMC) Approved June 22, 1995 Priority
Supplement 3 Manufacturing (CMC) Approved June 22, 1995 Priority
Original application 1 Type 1 - New Molecular Entity Approved April 8, 1994 Priority

Review documents

  • 0 · Supplement · September 15, 2023
  • 0 · Supplement · September 15, 2023
  • 0 · Supplement · November 25, 2022
  • 0 · Supplement · November 23, 2022
  • 0 · Supplement · November 23, 2022
  • 0 · Supplement · June 13, 2022
  • 0 · Supplement · July 19, 2021
  • 0 · Supplement · July 16, 2021
  • 0 · Supplement · December 31, 2020
  • 0 · Supplement · December 31, 2020
  • 0 · Supplement · June 12, 2019
  • 0 · Supplement · December 7, 2018
  • 0 · Supplement · December 4, 2018
  • 0 · Supplement · May 29, 2018
  • 0 · Supplement · May 29, 2018
  • 0 · Supplement · May 21, 2015
  • 0 · Supplement · May 21, 2015
  • 0 · Supplement · September 9, 2013
  • 0 · Supplement · September 9, 2013
  • 0 · Supplement · October 11, 2012
  • Medical Review · Supplement · October 11, 2012
  • 0 · Supplement · August 15, 2012
  • 0 · Supplement · August 15, 2012
  • 0 · Supplement · July 10, 2012
  • 0 · Supplement · July 9, 2012
  • 0 · Supplement · February 8, 2012
  • 0 · Supplement · February 6, 2012
  • 0 · Supplement · July 19, 2011
  • 0 · Supplement · July 19, 2011
  • 0 · Supplement · July 18, 2011

Prescribing information

Source: openFDA Drug Labeling

Reproduced verbatim from the Structured Product Labeling submitted to the FDA (effective 20230825). This is the manufacturer's labelling text, not a summary and not advice.

HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG · 20230825

Boxed Warning

openFDA Drug Labeling

WARNING: MALIGNANCIES AND SERIOUS INFECTIONS Increased risk for developing serious infections and malignancies with PROGRAF or other immunosuppressants that may lead to hospitalization or death. ( 5.1 , 5.2 ) WARNING: MALIGNANCIES AND SERIOUS INFECTIONS See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. Increased risk for developing serious infections and malignancies with PROGRAF or other immunosuppressants that may lead to hospitalization or death. ( 5.1 , 5.2 )

Recent Major Changes

openFDA Drug Labeling

Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 , 5.10 , 5.16 ) 11/2022 Warnings and Precautions, Cannabidiol Drug Interactions ( 5.17 ) 08/2023

Indications and Usage

openFDA Drug Labeling

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE PROGRAF is a calcineurin-inhibitor immunosuppressant indicated for the prophylaxis of organ rejection in adult and pediatric patients receiving allogeneic liver, kidney, heart, or lung transplants, in combination with other immunosuppressants. ( 1.1 ) 1.1 Prophylaxis of Organ Rejection in Kidney, Liver, Heart, or Lung Transplant PROGRAF ® is indicated for the prophylaxis of organ rejection, in adult and pediatric patients receiving allogeneic kidney transplant [see Clinical Studies ( 14.1 )], liver transplant [see Clinical Studies ( 14.2 )], heart transplant [see Clinical Studies ( 14.3 )], or lung transplant [see Clinical Studies ( 14.4 )] in combination with other immunosuppressants.

Dosage and Administration

openFDA Drug Labeling

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION • Intravenous (IV) use recommended for patients who cannot tolerate oral formulations (capsules or suspension). ( 2.1 , 2.2 ) • Administer capsules or suspension consistently with or without food. ( 2.1 ) • Therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended. ( 2.1 , 2.6 ) • Avoid eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice. ( 2.1 ) • See dosage adjustments for African-American patients ( 2.2 ), hepatic and renal impaired. ( 2.4 , 2.5 ) • For complete dosing information, see Full Prescribing Information. ADULT Patient Population Initial Oral Dosage (formulation) Whole Blood Trough Concentration Range Kidney Transplant With azathioprine 0.2 mg/kg/day capsules, divided in two doses, every 12 hours Month 1-3: 7-20 ng/mL Month 4-12: 5-15 ng/mL With MMF/IL-2 receptor antagonist 0.1 mg/kg/day capsules, divided in two doses, every 12 hours Month 1-12: 4-11 ng/mL Liver Transplant With corticosteroids only 0.1-0.15 mg/kg/day capsules, divided in two doses, every 12 hours Month 1-12: 5-20 ng/mL Heart Transplant With azathioprine or MMF 0.075 mg/kg/day capsules, divided in two doses, every 12 hours Month 1-3: 10-20 ng/mL Month ≥ 4: 5-15 ng/mL Lung Transplant With azathioprine or MMF 0.075 mg/kg/day Patients with cystic fibrosis may require higher doses due to lower bioavailability. capsules, divided in two doses, every 12 hours Month 1-3: 10-15 ng/mL Month 4-12: 8-12 ng/mL PEDIATRIC Patient Population Initial Oral Dosage (formulation) Whole Blood Trough Concentration Range Kidney Transplant 0.3 mg/kg/day capsules or oral suspension, divided in two doses, every 12 hours Month 1-12: 5-20 ng/mL Liver Transplant 0.15-0.2 mg/kg/day capsules or 0.2 mg/kg/day oral suspension, divided in two doses, every 12 hours Month 1-12: 5-20 ng/mL Heart Transplant 0.3 mg/kg/day Dose at 0.1 mg/kg/day if antibody induction treatment is administered. capsules or oral suspension, divided in two doses, every 12 hours Month 1-12: 5-20 ng/mL Lung Transplant 0.3 mg/kg/day , capsules or oral suspension, divided in two doses, every 12 hours Weeks 1-2: 10-20 ng/mL Week 2 to Month 12: 10-15 ng/mL MMF= Mycophenolate mofetil 2.1 Important Administration Instructions PROGRAF should not be used without supervision by a physician with experience in immunosuppressive therapy. PROGRAF capsules and PROGRAF Granules are not interchangeable or substitutable for other tacrolimus extended-release products. This is because rate of absorption following the administration of an extended-release tacrolimus product is not equivalent to that of an immediate-release tacrolimus drug product. Under- or overexposure to tacrolimus may result in graft rejection or other serious adverse reactions. Changes between tacrolimus immediate-release and extended- release dosage forms must occur under physician supervision [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )]. Intravenous Formulation - Administration Precautions due to Risk of Anaphylaxis Intravenous use is recommended for patients who cannot tolerate oral formulations, and conversion from intravenous to oral PROGRAF is recommended as soon as oral therapy can be tolerated to minimize the risk of anaphylactic reactions that occurred with injectables containing castor oil derivatives [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.9 )] . Patients receiving PROGRAF injection should be under continuous observation for at least the first 30 minutes following the start of the infusion and at frequent intervals thereafter. If signs or symptoms of anaphylaxis occur, the infusion should be stopped. An aqueous solution of epinephrine should be available at the bedside as well as a source of oxygen. Oral Formulations (Capsules and Oral Suspension) If patients are able to initiate oral therapy, the recommended starting doses should be initiated. PROGRAF Granules for oral suspension or PROGRAF capsules may be taken with or without food. However, since the presence of food affects the bioavailability of PROGRAF, if taken with food, it should be taken consi …

Dosage Forms and Strengths

openFDA Drug Labeling

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS PROGRAF is available in the following dosage forms and strengths: Capsules Oblong, hard capsule for oral administration contains anhydrous tacrolimus USP as follows: • 0.5 mg, light-yellow color, imprinted in red “0.5 mg” on the capsule cap and “ 607” on capsule body • 1 mg, white color, imprinted in red “1 mg” on the capsule cap and “ 617” on capsule body • 5 mg, grayish-red color, imprinted with white “5 mg” on the capsule cap and “ 657” on capsule body Injection 1 mL ampule for intravenous infusion contains anhydrous tacrolimus USP, 5 mg/mL For Oral Suspension Unit-dose packets with white granules for oral suspension contains anhydrous tacrolimus USP: • 0.2 mg • 1 mg • Capsules: 0.5 mg, 1 mg and 5 mg ( 3 ) • Injection: 5 mg/mL ( 3 ) • For oral suspension: 0.2 mg, 1 mg unit-dose packets containing granules ( 3 ) Letter f logo Letter f logo Letter f logo

Contraindications

openFDA Drug Labeling

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS PROGRAF is contraindicated in patients with a hypersensitivity to tacrolimus. PROGRAF injection is contraindicated in patients with a hypersensitivity to HCO-60 (polyoxyl 60 hydrogenated castor oil). Hypersensitivity symptoms reported include dyspnea, rash, pruritus, and acute respiratory distress syndrome [see Adverse Reactions ( 6 )] . • Hypersensitivity to tacrolimus or HCO-60 (polyoxyl 60 hydrogenated castor oil). ( 4 )

Warnings and Cautions

openFDA Drug Labeling

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS • Not Interchangeable with Extended-Release Tacrolimus Products - Medication Errors: Instruct patients or caregivers to recognize the appearance of PROGRAF capsules. ( 5.3 ) • New Onset Diabetes After Transplant: Monitor blood glucose. ( 5.4 ) • Nephrotoxicity (acute and/or chronic): Reduce the dose; use caution with other nephrotoxic drugs. ( 5.5 ) • Neurotoxicity: Including risk of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES); monitor for neurologic abnormalities; reduce or discontinue PROGRAF. ( 5.6 ) • Hyperkalemia: Monitor serum potassium levels. Consider carefully before using with other agents also associated with hyperkalemia. ( 5.7 ) • Hypertension: May require antihypertensive therapy. Monitor relevant drug-drug interactions. ( 5.8 ) • Anaphylactic Reactions with IV formulation: Observe patients receiving PROGRAF injection for signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis. ( 5.9 ) • Not recommended for use with sirolimus: Not recommended in liver and heart transplant due to increased risk of serious adverse reactions. ( 5.10 ) • Myocardial Hypertrophy: Consider dose reduction/discontinuation. ( 5.13 ) • Immunizations: Avoid live vaccines. ( 5.14 ) • Pure Red Cell Aplasia: Consider discontinuation of PROGRAF. ( 5.15 ) • Thrombotic Microangiopathy, Including Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome and Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: May occur, especially in patients with infections and certain concomitant medications. ( 5.16 ) 5.1 Lymphoma and Other Malignancies Patients receiving immunosuppressants, including PROGRAF, are at increased risk of developing lymphomas and other malignancies, particularly of the skin . The risk appears to be related to the intensity and duration of immunosuppression rather than to the use of any specific agent. As usual for patients with increased risk for skin cancer, examine patients for skin changes; exposure to sunlight and UV light should be limited by wearing protective clothing and using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high protection factor. Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) has been reported in immunosuppressed organ transplant recipients. The majority of PTLD events appear related to Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection. The risk of PTLD appears greatest in those individuals who are EBV seronegative, a population which includes many young children. Monitor EBV serology during treatment. 5.2 Serious Infections Patients receiving immunosuppressants, including PROGRAF, are at increased risk of developing bacterial, viral, fungal, and protozoal infections, including opportunistic infections. These infections may lead to serious, including fatal, outcomes. Serious viral infections reported include: • Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (PVAN), mostly due to BK virus infection • JC virus-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) • Cytomegalovirus infections: CMV seronegative transplant patients who receive an organ from a CMV seropositive donor disease are at higher risk of developing CMV viremia and CMV disease. Monitor for the development of infection and adjust the immunosuppressive regimen to balance the risk of rejection with the risk of infection [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 , 6.2 )]. 5.3 Not Interchangeable with Extended-Release Tacrolimus Products - Medication Errors Medication errors, including substitution and dispensing errors, between tacrolimus immediate-release products and tacrolimus extended-release products were reported outside the U.S. This led to serious adverse reactions, including graft rejection, or other adverse reactions due to under- or overexposure to tacrolimus. PROGRAF is not interchangeable or substitutable for tacrolimus extended-release products. Changes between tacrolimus immediate-release and extended-release dosage forms must occur under physician supervision. Instruct patients and caregivers to recognize the appearance of PROGRAF dosage forms [see Dosage Forms and Strengths ( 3 )] and to confirm with th …

Adverse Reactions

openFDA Drug Labeling

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following serious and otherwise important adverse drug reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of labeling: • Lymphoma and Other Malignancies [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] • Serious Infections [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] • New Onset Diabetes After Transplant [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] • Nephrotoxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] • Neurotoxicity [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] • Hyperkalemia [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] • Hypertension [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] • Anaphylactic Reactions with PROGRAF Injection [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.9 )] • Myocardial Hypertrophy [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.13 )] • Pure Red Cell Aplasia [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.15 )] • Thrombotic Microangiopathy, Including Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome and Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.16 )] The most common adverse reactions (≥ 15%) were abnormal renal function, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, fever, CMV infection, tremor, hyperglycemia, leukopenia, infection, anemia, bronchitis, pericardial effusion, urinary tract infection, constipation, diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain, insomnia, paresthesia, peripheral edema, nausea, hyperkalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hyperlipemia. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Astellas Pharma US, Inc. at 1-800-727-7003 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Studies Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. In addition, the clinical trials were not designed to establish comparative differences across study arms with regards to the adverse reactions discussed below. Kidney Transplantation The incidence of adverse reactions was determined in three randomized kidney transplant trials. One of the trials used azathioprine (AZA) and corticosteroids and two of the trials used mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and corticosteroids concomitantly for maintenance immunosuppression. PROGRAF-based immunosuppression in conjunction with azathioprine and corticosteroids following kidney transplantation was assessed in a trial where 205 patients received PROGRAF-based immunosuppression and 207 patients received cyclosporine-based immunosuppression. The trial population had a mean age of 43 years (mean ± SD was 43 ± 13 years on PROGRAF and 44 ± 12 years on cyclosporine arm), the distribution was 61% male, and the composition was White (58%), African-American (25%), Hispanic (12%), and Other (5%). The 12-month post-transplant information from this trial is presented below. The most common adverse reactions (≥ 30%) observed in PROGRAF-treated kidney transplant patients are: infection, tremor, hypertension, abnormal renal function, constipation, diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain, insomnia, nausea, hypomagnesemia, urinary tract infection, hypophosphatemia, peripheral edema, asthenia, pain, hyperlipidemia, hyperkalemia, and anemia. Based on reported adverse reaction terms related to decreased renal function, nephrotoxicity was reported in approximately 52% of kidney transplantation patients. Adverse reactions that occurred in ≥ 15% of kidney transplant patients treated with PROGRAF in conjunction with azathioprine are presented below: Table 4. Kidney Transplantation: Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥ 15% of Patients Treated with PROGRAF in Conjunction with Azathioprine (AZA) PROGRAF/AZA (N = 205) Cyclosporine/AZA (N = 207) Nervous System Tremor 54% 34% Headache 44% 38% Insomnia 32% 30% Paresthesia 23% 16% Dizziness 19% 16% Gastrointestinal Diarrhea 44% 41% Nausea 38% 36% Constipation 35% 43% Vomiting 29% 23% Dyspepsia 28% 20% Cardiovascular Hypertension 50% 52% Chest Pain 19% 13% Urogenital Creatinine Increased 45% 42% …

Drug Interactions

openFDA Drug Labeling

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS • Mycophenolic Acid Products: Can increase MPA exposure after crossover from cyclosporine to PROGRAF; monitor for MPA-related adverse reactions and adjust MMF or MPA dose as needed. ( 7.1 ) • Nelfinavir and Grapefruit Juice: Increased tacrolimus concentrations via CYP3A inhibition; avoid concomitant use. ( 7.2 ) • CYP3A Inhibitors: Increased tacrolimus concentrations; monitor concentrations and adjust tacrolimus dose as needed. ( 5.11 , 7.2 ) • CYP3A4 Inducers: Decreased tacrolimus concentrations; monitor concentrations and adjust tacrolimus dose as needed. ( 5.11 , 7.2 ) • Therapeutic drug monitoring and dose reduction for PROGRAF should be considered when PROGRAF is co-administered with cannabidiol ( 5.17 , 7.3 ). 7.1 Mycophenolic Acid When PROGRAF is prescribed with a given dose of a mycophenolic acid (MPA) product, exposure to MPA is higher with PROGRAF co-administration than with cyclosporine co-administration with MPA, because cyclosporine interrupts the enterohepatic recirculation of MPA while tacrolimus does not. Monitor for MPA-associated adverse reactions and reduce the dose of concomitantly administered mycophenolic acid products as needed. 7.2 Effects of Other Drugs on PROGRAF Table 15 displays the effects of other drugs on PROGRAF. Table 15. Effects of Other Drugs/Substances on PROGRAF PROGRAF dosage adjustment recommendation based on observed effect of co-administered drug on tacrolimus exposures [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] , literature reports of altered tacrolimus exposures, or the other drug’s known CYP3A inhibitor/inducer status. Drug/Substance Class or Name Drug Interaction Effect Recommendations Grapefruit or grapefruit juice High dose or double strength grapefruit juice is a strong CYP3A inhibitor; low dose or single strength grapefruit juice is a moderate CYP3A inhibitor. May increase tacrolimus whole blood trough concentrations and increase the risk of serious adverse reactions (e.g., neurotoxicity, QT prolongation) [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 , 5.11 , 5.12 )] . Avoid grapefruit or grapefruit juice. Strong CYP3A Inducers Strong CYP3A inhibitor/inducer, based on reported effect on exposures to tacrolimus along with supporting in vitro CYP3A inhibitor/inducer data, or based on drug-drug interaction studies with midazolam (sensitive CYP3A probe substrate). : Antimycobacterials (e.g., rifampin, rifabutin), anticonvulsants (e.g., phenytoin, carbamazepine and phenobarbital), St John’s wort May decrease tacrolimus whole blood trough concentrations and increase the risk of rejection [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.11 )] . Increase PROGRAF dose and monitor tacrolimus whole blood trough concentrations [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 , 2.6 ) and Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . Strong CYP3A Inhibitors : Protease inhibitors (e.g., nelfinavir, telaprevir, boceprevir, ritonavir), azole antifungals (e.g., voriconazole, posaconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole), antibiotics (e.g., clarithromycin, troleandomycin, chloramphenicol), nefazodone, letermovir, Schisandra sphenanthera extracts May increase tacrolimus whole blood trough concentrations and increase the risk of serious adverse reactions (e.g., neurotoxicity, QT prolongation). A rapid, sharp rise in tacrolimus levels may occur early, despite an immediate reduction of tacrolimus dose [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 , 5.11 , 5.12 )] . Reduce PROGRAF dose (for voriconazole and posaconazole, give one-third of the original dose) and adjust dose based on tacrolimus whole blood trough concentrations [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 , 2.6 ) and Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . Early and frequent monitoring of tacrolimus whole blood trough levels should start within 1-3 days and continue monitoring as necessary [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.11 )]. Mild or Moderate CYP3A Inhibitors: Clotrimazole, antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin, fluconazole), calcium channel blockers (e.g., verapamil, diltiazem, nifedipine, nicardipin …

Use in Specific Populations

openFDA Drug Labeling

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Pregnancy: Can cause fetal harm. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to the fetus. ( 8.1 , 8.3 ) 8.1 Pregnancy Pregnancy Exposure Registry There is a pregnancy registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to PROGRAF during pregnancy. The Transplantation Pregnancy Registry International (TPRI) is a voluntary pregnancy exposure registry that monitors outcomes of pregnancy in female transplant recipients and those fathered by male transplant recipients exposed to immunosuppressants including tacrolimus. Healthcare providers are encouraged to advise their patients to register by contacting the Transplantation Pregnancy Registry International at 1-877-955-6877 or https://www.transplantpregnancyregistry.org/ . Risk Summary Tacrolimus can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Data from postmarketing surveillance and TPRI suggest that infants exposed to tacrolimus in utero are at a risk of prematurity, birth defects/congenital anomalies, low birth weight, and fetal distress [see Human Data]. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to the fetus. Administration of oral tacrolimus to pregnant rabbits and rats throughout the period of organogenesis was associated with maternal toxicity/lethality, and an increased incidence of abortion, malformation and embryofetal death at clinically relevant doses (0.5 to 6.9 times the recommended clinical dose range [0.2 to 0.075 mg/kg/day], on a mg/m 2 basis). Administration of oral tacrolimus to pregnant rats after organogenesis and throughout lactation produced maternal toxicity, effects on parturition, reduced pup viability and reduced pup weight at clinically relevant doses (0.8 to 6.9 times the recommended clinical dose range, on a mg/m 2 basis). Administration of oral tacrolimus to rats prior to mating, and throughout gestation and lactation produced maternal toxicity/lethality, marked effects on parturition, embryofetal loss, malformations, and reduced pup viability at clinically relevant doses (0.8 to 6.9 times the recommended clinical dose range, on a mg/m 2 basis). Interventricular septal defects, hydronephrosis, craniofacial malformations and skeletal effects were observed in offspring that died [see Animal Data]. The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo-Fetal Risk Risks during pregnancy are increased in organ transplant recipients. The risk of premature delivery following transplantation is increased. Pre-existing hypertension and diabetes confer additional risk to the pregnancy of an organ transplant recipient. Pre-gestational and gestational diabetes are associated with birth defects/congenital anomalies, hypertension, low birth weight and fetal death. Cholestasis of pregnancy (COP) was reported in 7% of liver or liver-kidney (LK) transplant recipients, compared with approximately 1% of pregnancies in the general population. However, COP symptoms resolved postpartum and no long-term effects on the offspring were reported. Maternal Adverse Reactions PROGRAF may increase hyperglycemia in pregnant women with diabetes (including gestational diabetes). Monitor maternal blood glucose levels regularly [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )]. PROGRAF may exacerbate hypertension in pregnant women and increase pre-eclampsia. Monitor and control blood pressure [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 , 5.8 )]. Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions Renal dysfunction, transient neonatal hyperkalemia and low birth weight have been reported at the time of delivery in infants of mothers taking PROGRAF. Labor or Delivery There is an increased risk for premature delivery ( 10) compared to healthy volunteers with normal hepatic function. Close monit …

Mechanism of Action

openFDA Drug Labeling

12.1 Mechanism of Action Tacrolimus binds to an intracellular protein, FKBP-12. A complex of tacrolimus-FKBP-12, calcium, calmodulin, and calcineurin (a ubiquitous mammalian intracellular enzyme) is then formed, after which the phosphatase activity of calcineurin is inhibited. Such inhibition prevents the dephosphorylation and translocation of various factors such as the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NF-AT), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B-cells (NF-κB). Tacrolimus inhibits the expression and/or production of several cytokines that include interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Tacrolimus also inhibits IL-2 receptor expression and nitric oxide release, induces apoptosis and production of transforming growth factor beta that can lead to immunosuppressive activity. The net result is the inhibition of T-lymphocyte activation and proliferation, as well as T-helper-cell-dependent B-cell response (i.e., immunosuppression).

Description

openFDA Drug Labeling

11 DESCRIPTION Tacrolimus, previously known as FK506, is the active ingredient in PROGRAF. Tacrolimus is a calcineurin-inhibitor immunosuppressant produced by Streptomyces tsukubaensis . Chemically, tacrolimus is designated as [3 S -[3 R *[ E (1 S *,3 S *,4 S *)], 4 S *,5 R *,8 S *,9 E ,12 R *,14 R *,15 S *,16 R *,18 S *,19 S *,26a R *]] -5,6,8,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,24,25,26,26a-hexadecahydro-5,19-dihydroxy-3-[2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycyclohexyl)-1-methylethenyl]-14,16-dimethoxy-4,10,12,18-tetramethyl-8-(2-propenyl)-15,19-epoxy-3H-pyrido[2,1- c ][1,4] oxaazacyclotricosine-1,7,20,21(4H,23H)-tetrone, monohydrate. The chemical structure of tacrolimus is: Tacrolimus has an empirical formula of C 44 H 69 NO 12 •H 2 O and a formula weight of 822.03. Tacrolimus appears as white crystals or crystalline powder. It is practically insoluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol, and very soluble in methanol and chloroform. PROGRAF is available for oral administration as capsules (tacrolimus capsules USP) containing the equivalent of 0.5 mg, 1 mg or 5 mg of anhydrous tacrolimus USP. Inactive ingredients include croscarmellose sodium NF, hypromellose USP, lactose monohydrate NF, and magnesium stearate NF. The 0.5 mg capsule shell contains ferric oxide NF, gelatin NF and titanium dioxide USP, the 1 mg capsule shell contains gelatin NF and titanium dioxide USP, and the 5 mg capsule shell contains ferric oxide NF, gelatin NF, and titanium dioxide USP. PROGRAF is also available as a sterile solution (tacrolimus injection) containing the equivalent of 5 mg anhydrous tacrolimus USP in 1 mL for administration by intravenous infusion only. Each mL contains the following inactive ingredients: dehydrated alcohol USP, 80.0% v/v and polyoxyl 60 hydrogenated castor oil (HCO-60), 200 mg. PROGRAF injection must be diluted with 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection or 5% Dextrose Injection before use. PROGRAF Granules is available for oral administration as a suspension containing the equivalent of 0.2 mg or 1 mg of anhydrous tacrolimus USP. Inactive ingredients include croscarmellose sodium NF, hypromellose USP, and lactose monohydrate NF. Tacrolimus structural formula

10 OVERDOSAGE Limited overdosage experience is available. Acute overdosages of up to 30 times the intended dose have been reported. Almost all cases have been asymptomatic and all patients recovered with no sequelae. Acute overdosage was sometimes followed by adverse reactions consistent with those reported with the use of PROGRAF [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.1 , 6.2 )] , including tremors, abnormal renal function, hypertension, and peripheral edema; in one case of acute overdosage, transient urticaria and lethargy were observed. Based on the poor aqueous solubility and extensive erythrocyte and plasma protein binding, it is anticipated that tacrolimus is not dialyzable to any significant extent; there is no experience with charcoal hemoperfusion. The oral use of activated charcoal has been reported in treating acute overdoses, but experience has not been sufficient to warrant recommending its use. General supportive measures and treatment of specific symptoms should be followed in all cases of overdosage.

How Supplied / Storage and Handling

openFDA Drug Labeling

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING 16.1 PROGRAF (tacrolimus) Capsules, USP Strength 0.5 mg (containing the equivalent of 0.5 mg anhydrous tacrolimus USP) 1 mg (containing the equivalent of 1 mg anhydrous tacrolimus USP) 5 mg (containing the equivalent of 5 mg anhydrous tacrolimus USP) Shape/color oblong/light yellow oblong/white oblong/grayish red Branding on capsule cap/body 607 617 657 100 count bottle NDC 0469-0607-73 NDC 0469-0617-73 NDC 0469-0657-73 Note: PROGRAF capsules USP are not filled to maximum capsule capacity. Capsule contains labeled amount. Store and Dispense Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); excursions permitted 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. f f f 16.2 PROGRAF (tacrolimus) Injection (for Intravenous infusion only) NDC 0469-3016-01 Product Code 301601 5 mg/mL (equivalent of 5 mg of anhydrous tacrolimus USP per mL) supplied as a sterile solution in a 1 mL ampule, in boxes of 10 ampules Store and Dispense Store between 5°C and 25°C (41°F and 77°F). 16.3 PROGRAF Granules (tacrolimus for oral suspension) Strength 0.2 mg (containing the equivalent of 0.2 mg anhydrous tacrolimus USP) 1 mg (containing the equivalent of 1 mg anhydrous tacrolimus USP) Shape/color White granules White granules 1 carton containing 50 packets NDC 0469-1230-50 NDC 0469-1330-50 Store and Dispense Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); excursions permitted 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. 16.4 Handling and Disposal Tacrolimus can cause fetal harm. PROGRAF capsules should not be opened or crushed. Wearing disposable gloves is recommended during dilution of the injection or when preparing the oral suspension in the hospital and when wiping any spills. Avoid inhalation or direct contact with skin or mucous membranes of the powder or granules contained in PROGRAF capsules and PROGRAF Granules, respectively. If such contact occurs, wash the skin thoroughly with soap and water; if ocular contact occurs, rinse eyes with water. In case a spill occurs, wipe the surface with a wet paper towel. Follow applicable special handling and disposal procedures 1 .

Adverse event reports

Source: openFDA FAERS
156,017
FAERS reports mentioning this drug
as of 2026-09-25T03:42:24+00:00
A report count is not a risk measure. FAERS accepts voluntary and mandatory reports without establishing causation, and reporting is influenced by how widely a drug is used, how long it has been marketed, and media attention. FDA states that reports “do not prove that the drug caused the event”. Compare rates, not totals.

Attributed to this product's most-reported active ingredient: TACROLIMUS. Combination products with more than six active ingredients are not attributed, because a report count summed across a long ingredient list measures the list, not the medicine.

Recalls

Source: FDA Enforcement
Drug recall enforcement reports associated with this product.
Classification Reported Firm Reason Status
Class I February 5, 2025 Astellas Pharma US Inc. Failed Tablet/Capsule Specifications: Bottles shipped to the USA may contain empty capsules Ongoing

Packaging and NDCs

Source: NDC Directory
Every National Drug Code package associated with this medication. The NDC is the identifier used for dispensing, billing and pharmacovigilance in the United States.
Package NDC Product NDC Labeler Description Marketing start
0469-0607-73 0469-0607 Astellas Pharma US, Inc. 1 BOTTLE in 1 CARTON (0469-0607-73) / 100 CAPSULE, GELATIN COATED in 1 BOTTLE August 24, 1998
0469-0617-73 0469-0617 Astellas Pharma US, Inc. 1 BOTTLE in 1 CARTON (0469-0617-73) / 100 CAPSULE, GELATIN COATED in 1 BOTTLE April 8, 1994
0469-0657-73 0469-0657 Astellas Pharma US, Inc. 1 BOTTLE in 1 CARTON (0469-0657-73) / 100 CAPSULE, GELATIN COATED in 1 BOTTLE April 8, 1994
0469-0607 0469-0607 Astellas Pharma US, Inc. — August 24, 1998
0469-0617 0469-0617 Astellas Pharma US, Inc. — April 8, 1994
0469-0657 0469-0657 Astellas Pharma US, Inc. — April 8, 1994

Sources for this page

Every dataset that contributed a fact to this page.
Dataset Agency Used for
NDC Directory FDA Identity, ingredients, strengths, forms, routes, labelers, packages
Drugs@FDA FDA Application, sponsor, submissions, review documents, marketing status
Orange Book FDA Therapeutic equivalence codes, reference drug flags, patents, exclusivity
Drug Labeling FDA / NLM Prescribing information reproduced above
FAERS FDA Adverse event report counts
Enforcement FDA Recall records

Generated September 25, 2026 · 14 sections on this page.