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NEXIUM
Esomeprazole magnesium · Granule, Delayed Release
Overview
Active ingredients
Source: NDC Directory| Ingredient | Strength | RxCUI | Monograph |
|---|---|---|---|
| Esomeprazole Magnesium Trihydrate | 10 mg/1 | 692576 | View |
| Esomeprazole Magnesium Trihydrate | 2.5 mg/1 | 692576 | View |
| Esomeprazole Magnesium Trihydrate | 20 mg/1 | 692576 | View |
| Esomeprazole Magnesium Trihydrate | 40 mg/1 | 692576 | View |
| Esomeprazole Magnesium Trihydrate | 5 mg/1 | 692576 | View |
Forms, strengths and routes
Source: NDC DirectoryPharmacologic classes are listed in the class section below.
Pharmacologic class
Source: NDC Directory| Class | Type | Browse |
|---|---|---|
| Cytochrome P450 2C19 Inhibitors [MoA] | MoA | All 93 members |
| Proton Pump Inhibitor [EPC] | EPC | All 74 members |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors [MoA] | MoA | All 74 members |
Regulatory status
Source: Drugs@FDANDC Directory| Product | Trade name | Form | Strength | Ingredient | Status | TE | Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 021957-001 | NEXIUM | FOR SUSPENSION, DELAYED RELEASE | ESOMEPRAZOLE MAGNESIUM | Prescription | AB | RLD | |
| 021957-002 | NEXIUM | FOR SUSPENSION, DELAYED RELEASE | ESOMEPRAZOLE MAGNESIUM | Prescription | AB | RLD RS | |
| 021957-003 | NEXIUM | FOR SUSPENSION, DELAYED RELEASE | ESOMEPRAZOLE MAGNESIUM | Prescription | AB | RLD | |
| 021957-004 | NEXIUM | FOR SUSPENSION, DELAYED RELEASE | ESOMEPRAZOLE MAGNESIUM | Prescription | AB | RLD |
Therapeutic equivalence
Source: Orange BookWhat this rating means: Therapeutically equivalent — bioequivalence demonstrated by in vivo or in vitro testing
Codes beginning with “A” indicate products the FDA considers therapeutically equivalent. Codes beginning with “B” indicate bioequivalence has not been established. See methodology.
Approval history
Source: Drugs@FDA| Type | No. | Action | Status | Date | Review |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Supplement | 27 | Labeling | Approved | July 18, 2023 | Standard |
| Supplement | 26 | Labeling | Approved | March 4, 2022 | Standard |
| Supplement | 23 | Labeling | Approved | August 25, 2021 | Standard |
| Supplement | 24 | Labeling | Approved | November 27, 2020 | Standard |
| Supplement | 20 | Labeling | Approved | June 7, 2018 | Standard |
| Supplement | 18 | Labeling | Approved | December 20, 2016 | Standard |
| Supplement | 19 | Labeling | Approved | October 24, 2016 | Standard |
| Supplement | 17 | Labeling | Approved | December 19, 2014 | 901 Required |
| Supplement | 15 | Labeling | Approved | March 27, 2014 | Standard |
| Supplement | 16 | Labeling | Approved | February 25, 2014 | 901 Required |
| Supplement | 14 | Labeling | Approved | November 28, 2012 | Standard |
| Supplement | 12 | Labeling | Approved | October 9, 2012 | Standard |
| Supplement | 13 | Labeling | Approved | September 28, 2012 | Standard |
| Supplement | 11 | Labeling | Approved | January 20, 2012 | Standard |
| Supplement | 4 | Efficacy | Approved | December 15, 2011 | Priority |
| Supplement | 10 | Labeling | Approved | June 30, 2011 | Unknown |
| Supplement | 8 | Labeling | Approved | June 21, 2011 | Unknown |
| Supplement | 9 | Labeling | Approved | September 3, 2010 | Unknown |
| Supplement | 7 | Labeling | Approved | March 4, 2010 | Unknown |
| Supplement | 5 | Efficacy | Approved | June 18, 2009 | Priority |
| Supplement | 3 | Labeling | Approved | January 15, 2009 | Standard |
| Supplement | 1 | Labeling | Approved | January 11, 2008 | Standard |
| Original application | 1 | Type 3 - New Dosage Form | Approved | October 20, 2006 | Standard |
Review documents
- 0 · Supplement · July 20, 2023
- 0 · Supplement · July 20, 2023
- 0 · Supplement · July 19, 2023
- 0 · Supplement · March 10, 2022
- 0 · Supplement · March 7, 2022
- 0 · Supplement · August 31, 2021
- 0 · Supplement · August 27, 2021
- 0 · Supplement · November 30, 2020
- 0 · Supplement · November 30, 2020
- 0 · Supplement · June 14, 2018
- 0 · Supplement · June 11, 2018
- 0 · Supplement · December 22, 2016
- 0 · Supplement · December 21, 2016
- 0 · Supplement · October 28, 2016
- 0 · Supplement · October 26, 2016
- 0 · Supplement · December 29, 2014
- 0 · Supplement · December 24, 2014
- 0 · Supplement · April 1, 2014
- 0 · Supplement · March 28, 2014
- 0 · Supplement · March 5, 2014
- 0 · Supplement · February 27, 2014
- 0 · Supplement · December 10, 2012
- 0 · Supplement · November 29, 2012
- 0 · Supplement · October 12, 2012
- 0 · Supplement · October 11, 2012
- 0 · Supplement · October 2, 2012
- 0 · Supplement · October 1, 2012
- 0 · Supplement · January 24, 2012
- 0 · Supplement · January 24, 2012
- 0 · Supplement · December 28, 2011
Prescribing information
Source: openFDA Drug LabelingReproduced verbatim from the Structured Product Labeling submitted to the FDA (effective 20251219). This is the manufacturer's labelling text, not a summary and not advice.
Indications and Usage
openFDA Drug Labeling1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE NEXIUM is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). NEXIUM delayed-release capsules and NEXIUM for delayed-release oral suspension are indicated for the: • Short-term treatment in the healing of erosive esophagitis (EE) in adults and pediatric patients 12 years to 17 years of age. ( 1.1 ) • Maintenance of healing of EE in adults. ( 1.2 ) • Short-term treatment of heartburn and other symptoms associated GERD in adults and pediatric patients 12 years to 17 years of age. ( 1.3 ) • Risk reduction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)-associated gastric ulcer in adults at risk for developing gastric ulcers due to age (60 years and older) and/or documented history of gastric ulcers. ( 1.4 ) • Helicobacter pylori eradication in adult patients to reduce the risk of duodenal ulcer recurrence in combination with amoxicillin and clarithromycin. ( 1.5 ) • Long-term treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions, including Zollinger-Ellison syndrome in adults. ( 1.6 ) NEXIUM for delayed-release oral suspension is indicated for the: • Short-term treatment in the healing of EE in pediatric patients 1 year to 11 years of age and of EE due to acid-mediated GERD in pediatric patients 1 month to less than 1 year of age. ( 1.1 ) • Short-term treatment of heartburn and other symptoms associated with GERD in pediatric patients 1 year to 11 years of age. ( 1.3 ) 1.1 Healing of Erosive Esophagitis (EE) Adults NEXIUM delayed-release capsules and NEXIUM for delayed-release oral suspension are indicated for the short-term treatment (4 to 8 weeks) in the healing and symptomatic resolution of diagnostically confirmed EE in adults. For those patients who have not healed after 4 to 8 weeks of treatment, an additional 4- to 8- week course of NEXIUM may be considered. Pediatric Patients 12 Years to 17 Years of Age NEXIUM delayed-release capsules and NEXIUM for delayed-release oral suspension are indicated for the short-term treatment (4 to 8 weeks) for the healing of EE in pediatric patients 12 years to 17 years of age. Pediatric Patients 1 Year to 11 Years of Age NEXIUM for delayed-release oral suspension is indicated for the short-term treatment (8 weeks) for the healing of EE in pediatric patients 1 year to 11 years of age. Pediatric Patients 1 Month to Less Than 1 Year of Age NEXIUM for delayed-release oral suspension is indicated for short-term treatment (up to 6 weeks) of EE due to acid-mediated GERD in pediatric patients 1 month to less than 1 year of age. 1.2 Maintenance of Healing of EE NEXIUM delayed-release capsules and NEXIUM for delayed-release oral suspension are indicated for the maintenance of healing of EE in adults. Controlled studies do not extend beyond 6 months. 1.3 Treatment of Symptomatic GERD Adults NEXIUM delayed-release capsules and NEXIUM for delayed-release oral suspension are indicated for short-term treatment (4 to 8 weeks) of heartburn and other symptoms associated with GERD in adults. Pediatric Patients 12 Years to 17 Years of Age NEXIUM delayed-release capsules and NEXIUM for delayed-release oral suspension are indicated for short-term treatment (4 weeks) of heartburn and other symptoms associated with GERD in pediatric patients 12 years to 17 years of age. Pediatric Patients 1 Year to 11 Years of Age NEXIUM for delayed-release oral suspension is indicated for short-term treatment (up to 8 weeks) of heartburn and other symptoms associated with GERD in pediatric patients 1 year to 11 years of age. 1.4 Risk Reduction of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID)-Associated Gastric Ulcer NEXIUM delayed-release capsules and NEXIUM for delayed-release oral suspension are indicated for the reduction in the occurrence of gastric ulcers associated with continuous NSAID therapy in adult patients at risk for developing gastric ulcers. Patients are considered to be at risk due to their age (60 years and older) and/or documented history of gastric ulcers. Controlled studies do not extend beyond 6 months. 1.5 …
Dosage and Administration
openFDA Drug Labeling2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Population Recommended Adult (2.1) and Pediatric Dosage (2.2) Healing of EE (1 year and older) EE due to Acid-Mediated GERD (1 month to less than 1 year) Adults 20 mg or 40 mg A maximum dosage of 20 mg once daily is recommended for patients with severe liver impairment (Child-Pugh Class C). once daily for 4 to 8 weeks; some patients may require an additional 4 to 8 weeks 12 years to 17 years 20 mg or 40 mg once daily for 4 to 8 weeks 1 month to 11 years see full prescribing information for weight-based dosing and duration of treatment ( 2.2 ) Maintenance of Healing of EE Adults 20 mg once daily. Controlled studies do not extend beyond 6 months Treatment of Symptomatic GERD Adults 20 mg once daily once daily for 4 weeks some patients may require an additional 4 weeks 12 years to 17 years 20 mg once daily for 4 weeks 1 year to 11 years 10 mg once daily for up to 8 weeks Risk Reduction of NSAID-Associated Gastric Ulcer Adults 20 mg or 40 mg once daily for up to 6 months Controlled studies do not extend beyond 6 months. H. pylori Eradication to Reduce the Risk of Duodenal Ulcer Recurrence Adults NEXIUM 40 mg once daily for 10 days Amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily for 10 days Refer to the amoxicillin and clarithromycin prescribing information for dosage adjustments in elderly and renally-impaired patients. Clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily for 10 days Pathological Hypersecretory Conditions Including Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Adults Starting dosage is 40 mg twice daily A starting dosage of 20 mg twice daily is recommended for patients with severe liver impairment (Child-Pugh Class C). (varies with the individual patient) as long as clinically indicated. Preparation and Administration Information • Swallow capsules whole; do not crush or chew. For patients who cannot swallow intact capsule, the capsule can be opened, and the contents mixed with applesauce. ( 2.3 ) • Mix packets with water to create an oral suspension. ( 2.3 ) • Opened capsules can be administered through a nasogastric tube and oral suspension can be administered through a nasogastric or gastric tube. ( 2.3 ) 2.1 Recommended Dosage in Adults by Indication Table 1 shows the recommended adult dosage of NEXIUM by indication. The duration of NEXIUM treatment should be based on available safety and efficacy data specific to the defined indication and dosing frequency and individual patient medical needs. NEXIUM should only be initiated and continued if the benefits outweigh the risks of treatment. Table 1: Recommended Dosage of NEXIUM in Adults by Indication Adult Indication Recommended Dosage of NEXIUM d elayed-release capsules and NEXIUM for delayed-release oral suspension Treatment Duration Healing of EE 20 mg or 40 mg A maximum dosage of 20 mg once daily is recommended for patients with severe liver impairment (Child-Pugh Class C) [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) ] . once daily 4 to 8 weeks Most patients are healed within 4 to 8 weeks. For patients who do not heal after 4 to 8 weeks, an additional 4 to 8 weeks of treatment may be required to achieve healing [see Clinical Studies (14.1) ] . Maintenance of Healing of EE 20 mg once daily Controlled studies do not extend beyond 6 months Treatment of Symptomatic GERD 20 mg once daily 4 weeks; if symptoms do not resolve completely, consider an additional 4 weeks Risk Reduction of NSAID-Associated Gastric Ulcer 20 mg or 40 mg once daily Controlled studies do not extend beyond 6 months H. pylori Eradication to Reduce the Risk of Duodenal Ulcer Recurrence (Triple Therapy) NEXIUM 40 mg once daily 10 days Amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily Refer to the amoxicillin and clarithromycin prescribing information for dosage adjustments in elderly and renally-impaired patients. 10 days Clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily 10 days Pathological Hypersecretory Conditions Including Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Starting dosage is 40 mg twice daily A starting dosage of 20 mg twice daily is recommended for patients wit …
Dosage Forms and Strengths
openFDA Drug Labeling3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS NEXIUM Delayed-Release Capsules • 20 mg esomeprazole in opaque, hard gelatin, amethyst colored capsules with two radial bars in yellow on the cap and NEXIUM 20 mg in yellow on the body. • 40 mg esomeprazole in opaque, hard gelatin, amethyst colored capsules with three radial bars in yellow on the cap and NEXIUM 40 mg in yellow on the body. NEXIUM For Delayed-Release Oral Suspension • 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg or 40 mg esomeprazole in unit dose packets containing a fine yellow powder, consisting of white to pale brownish esomeprazole granules and pale-yellow inactive granules. • Delayed-Release Capsules: 20 mg and 40 mg esomeprazole. ( 3 ) • For Delayed-Release Oral Suspension: 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, and 40 mg esomeprazole. ( 3 )
Contraindications
openFDA Drug Labeling4 CONTRAINDICATIONS • NEXIUM is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to substituted benzimidazoles or to any component of the formulation. Hypersensitivity reactions may include anaphylaxis, anaphylactic shock, angioedema, bronchospasm, acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, and urticaria [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) , Adverse Reactions (6.2) ]. • For information about contraindications of amoxicillin and clarithromycin, indicated in combination with NEXIUM for H. pylori eradication to reduce the risk of duodenal ulcer recurrence, refer to the Contraindications section of the respective prescribing information. • Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), including NEXIUM, are contraindicated in patients receiving rilpivirine-containing products [see Drug Interactions (7) ] . • Known hypersensitivity to substituted benzimidazoles or any component of the formulation. ( 4 ) • Patients receiving rilpivirine-containing products. ( 4 , 7 ) • Refer to the Contraindications section of the prescribing information for amoxicillin and clarithromycin, when administered in combination with NEXIUM. ( 4 )
Warnings and Cautions
openFDA Drug Labeling5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS • Gastric Malignancy: In adults, symptomatic response does not preclude the presence of gastric malignancy. Consider additional follow-up and diagnostic testing. (5.1) • Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis : Discontinue treatment and evaluate patients. (5.2) • Clostridium difficile- Associated Diarrhea: PPI therapy may be associated with increased risk. (5.3) • Bone Fracture: Long-term and multiple daily dose PPI therapy may be associated with an increased risk for osteoporosis-related fractures of the hip, wrist or spine. (5.4) • Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions: Discontinue at the first signs or symptoms of severe cutaneous adverse reactions or other signs of hypersensitivity and consider further evaluation. ( 5.5 ) • Cutaneous and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Mostly cutaneous; new onset or exacerbation of existing disease; discontinue NEXIUM and refer to specialist for evaluation. (5.6) • Interaction with Clopidogrel: Avoid concomitant use of NEXIUM. (5.7) • Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B-12) Deficiency: Daily long-term use (e.g., longer than 3 years) may lead to malabsorption or a deficiency of cyanocobalamin. (5.8) • Hypomagnesemia and Mineral Metabolism: Reported rarely with prolonged treatment with PPIs. (5.9) • Interaction with St. John’s Wort or Rifampin: Avoid concomitant use of NEXIUM. (5.10 , 7 ) • Interactions with Diagnostic Investigations for Neuroendocrine Tumors: Increased chromogranin A (CgA) levels may interfere with diagnostic investigations for neuroendocrine tumors, temporarily stop NEXIUM at least 14 days before assessing CgA levels. (5.11 , 12.2) • Interaction with Methotrexate : Concomitant use with PPIs may elevate and/or prolong serum concentrations of methotrexate and/or its metabolite, possibly leading to toxicity. With high dose methotrexate administration, consider temporary withdrawal of NEXIUM. (5.12 , 7) • Fundic Gland Polyps : Risk increases with long-term use, especially beyond one year. Use the shortest duration of therapy. (5.13) 5.1 Presence of Gastric Malignancy In adults, symptomatic response to therapy with NEXIUM does not preclude the presence of gastric malignancy. Consider additional follow-up and diagnostic testing in adult patients who have a suboptimal response or an early symptomatic relapse after completing treatment with a PPI. In older patients, also consider an endoscopy. 5.2 Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) has been observed in patients taking PPIs and may occur at any point during PPI therapy. Patients may present with varying signs and symptoms from symptomatic hypersensitivity reactions to non-specific symptoms of decreased renal function (e.g., malaise, nausea, anorexia). In reported case series, some patients were diagnosed on biopsy and in the absence of extra-renal manifestations (e.g., fever, rash or arthralgia). Discontinue NEXIUM and evaluate patients with suspected acute TIN [see Contraindications (4) ]. 5.3 Clostridium difficile- Associated Diarrhea Published observational studies suggest that PPI therapy like NEXIUM may be associated with an increased risk of Clostridium difficile- associated diarrhea, especially in hospitalized patients. This diagnosis should be considered for diarrhea that does not improve [see Adverse Reactions (6.2) ] . Patients should use the lowest dose and shortest duration of PPI therapy appropriate to the condition being treated. Clostridium difficile- associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents. For more information specific to antibacterial agents (clarithromycin and amoxicillin) indicated for use in combination with NEXIUM, refer to Warnings and Precautions section of the corresponding prescribing information. 5.4 Bone Fracture Several published observational studies suggest that proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy may be associated with an increased risk for osteoporosis-related fractures of the hip, wrist, or spine. The …
Adverse Reactions
openFDA Drug Labeling6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following serious adverse reactions are described below and elsewhere in labeling: • Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] • Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] • Bone Fracture [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] • Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] • Cutaneous and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] • Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B-12) Deficiency [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8) ] • Hypomagnesemia and Mineral Metabolism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9) ] • Fundic Gland Polyps [see Warnings and Precautions (5.13) ] Most common adverse reactions (6.1) : • Adults (≥ 18 years) ( > 1%) are: headache, diarrhea, nausea, flatulence, abdominal pain, constipation, and dry mouth. • Pediatrics (1 to 17 years) ( > 2%) are: headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, and somnolence. • Pediatrics (1 month to less than 1 year) (>1%) are: abdominal pain, regurgitation, tachypnea, and increased ALT. To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact AstraZeneca at 1-800-236-9933 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Adults The safety of NEXIUM delayed-release capsules was evaluated in over 15,000 patients (aged 18 to 84 years) in clinical trials worldwide including over 8,500 patients in the United States and over 6,500 patients in Europe and Canada. Over 2,900 patients were treated in long-term studies for up to 6 to 12 months. The safety in the treatment of healing of EE in adults was assessed in four randomized comparative clinical trials, which included 1,240 patients who received NEXIUM 20 mg once daily, 2,434 patients on NEXIUM 40 mg once daily, and 3,008 patients on omeprazole 20 mg once daily. The most frequently occurring adverse reactions (at least 1%) in all three groups were headache (5.5%, 5%, and 3.8%, respectively) and diarrhea (no difference among the three groups). Nausea, flatulence, abdominal pain, constipation, and dry mouth occurred at similar rates among patients taking NEXIUM or omeprazole. Less common adverse reactions with an incidence of less than 1% are listed below by body system: Body as a Whole: abdomen enlarged, allergic reaction, asthenia, back pain, chest pain, substernal chest pain, facial edema, peripheral edema, hot flushes, fatigue, fever, flu-like disorder, generalized edema, leg edema, malaise, pain, rigors; Cardiovascular: flushing, hypertension, tachycardia; Endocrine: goiter; Gastrointestinal: bowel irregularity, constipation aggravated, dyspepsia, dysphagia, dysplasia GI, epigastric pain, eructation, esophageal disorder, frequent stools, gastroenteritis, GI hemorrhage, GI symptoms not otherwise specified, hiccup, melena, mouth disorder, pharynx disorder, rectal disorder, serum gastrin increased, tongue disorder, tongue edema, ulcerative stomatitis, vomiting; Hearing: earache, tinnitus; Hematologic: anemia, anemia hypochromic, cervical lymphadenopathy, epistaxis, leukocytosis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia; Hepatic: bilirubinemia, hepatic function abnormal, SGOT increased, SGPT increased; Metabolic/Nutritional: glycosuria, hyperuricemia, hyponatremia, increased alkaline phosphatase, thirst, vitamin B12 deficiency, weight increase, weight decrease; Musculoskeletal: arthralgia, arthritis aggravated, arthropathy, cramps, fibromyalgia syndrome, hernia, polymyalgia rheumatica; Nervous System/Psychiatric: anorexia, apathy, appetite increased, confusion, depression aggravated, dizziness, hypertonia, nervousness, hypoesthesia, impotence, insomnia, migraine, migraine aggravated, paresthesia, sleep disorder, somnolence, tremor, vertigo, visual …
Drug Interactions
openFDA Drug Labeling7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Tables 3 and 4 include drugs with clinically important drug interactions and interaction with diagnostics when administered concomitantly with esomeprazole and instructions for preventing or managing them. Consult the labeling of concomitantly used drugs to obtain further information about interactions with PPIs. Table 3: Clinically Relevant Interactions Affecting Drugs Co-Administered with Esomeprazole and Interaction with Diagnostics Antiretrovirals Clinical Impact: The effect of PPIs on antiretroviral drugs is variable. The clinical importance and the mechanisms behind these interactions are not always known. • Decreased exposure of some antiretroviral drugs (e.g., rilpivirine atazanavir, and nelfinavir) when used concomitantly with esomeprazole may reduce antiviral effect and promote the development of drug resistance [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . • Increased exposure of other antiretroviral drugs (e.g., saquinavir) when used concomitantly with esomeprazole may increase toxicity [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . • There are other antiretroviral drugs which do not result in clinically relevant interactions with esomeprazole. Intervention: Rilpivirine-containing products: Concomitant use with NEXIUM is contraindicated [see Contraindications (4) ] . Atazanavir: See prescribing information for atazanavir for dosing information. Nelfinavir: Avoid concomitant use with NEXIUM. See prescribing information for nelfinavir. Saquinavir: See the prescribing information for saquinavir for monitoring of potential saquinavir-related toxicities. Other antiretrovirals: See prescribing information for specific antiretroviral drugs Warfarin Clinical Impact: Increased INR and prothrombin time in patients receiving PPIs, including esomeprazole, and warfarin concomitantly. Increases in INR and prothrombin time may lead to abnormal bleeding and even death. Intervention: Monitor INR and prothrombin time and adjust the dose of warfarin, if needed, to maintain the target INR range. Methotrexate Clinical Impact: Concomitant use of esomeprazole with methotrexate (primarily at high dose) may elevate and prolong serum concentrations of methotrexate and/or its metabolite hydroxymethotrexate, possibly leading to methotrexate toxicities. No formal drug interaction studies of high-dose methotrexate with PPIs have been conducted [see Warnings and Precautions (5.12) ] . Intervention: A temporary withdrawal of NEXIUM may be considered in some patients receiving high-dose methotrexate. 2C19 Substrates (e.g., clopidogrel, citalopram, cilostazol) Clopidogrel Clinical Impact: Concomitant use of esomeprazole 40 mg resulted in reduced plasma concentrations of the active metabolite of clopidogrel and a reduction in platelet inhibition [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] . There are no adequate combination studies of a lower dose of esomeprazole or a higher dose of clopidogrel in comparison with the approved dose of clopidogrel. Intervention: Avoid concomitant use with NEXIUM Consider use of alternative anti-platelet therapy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] . Citalopram Clinical Impact: Increased exposure of citalopram leading to an increased risk of QT prolongation [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ]. Intervention: Limit the dose of citalopram to a maximum of 20 mg per day. See prescribing information for citalopram. Cilostazol Clinical Impact: Increased exposure of cilostazol and one of its active metabolites (3,4-dihydro-cilostazol) [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ]. Intervention: Consider reducing the dose of cilostazol to 50 mg twice daily. See prescribing information for cilostazol. Digoxin Clinical Impact: Potential for increased exposure of digoxin [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ]. Intervention: Monitor digoxin concentrations and adjust the dose, if needed, to maintain therapeutic drug concentrations. See prescribing information for digoxin. Combination Therapy with Clarithromycin and Amoxicillin Clinical Impact: Conco …
Use in Specific Populations
openFDA Drug Labeling8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Pediatrics : Use is not recommended for the treatment of symptomatic GERD in patients 1 month to less than 1 year of age; efficacy was not demonstrated. ( 8.4 ) 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary There are no adequate and well-controlled studies with esomeprazole in pregnant women. Esomeprazole is the S-isomer of omeprazole. Available epidemiologic data fail to demonstrate an increased risk of major congenital malformations or other adverse pregnancy outcomes with first trimester omeprazole use (see Data) . Reproduction studies in rats and rabbits resulted in dose-dependent embryo-lethality at omeprazole doses that were approximately 3.4 to 34 times an oral human dose of 40 mg (based on a body surface area for a 60 kg person). Teratogenicity was not observed in animal reproduction studies with administration of oral esomeprazole magnesium in rats and rabbits with doses about 68 times and 42 times, respectively, an oral human dose of 40 mg (based on a body surface area basis for a 60 kg person). Changes in bone morphology were observed in offspring of rats dosed through most of pregnancy and lactation at doses equal to or greater than approximately 34 times an oral human dose of 40 mg. When maternal administration was confined to gestation only, there were no effects on bone physeal morphology in the offspring at any age ( see Data). The estimated background risks of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population are unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Human Data Esomeprazole is the S-isomer of omeprazole. Four epidemiological studies compared the frequency of congenital abnormalities among infants born to women who used omeprazole during pregnancy with the frequency of abnormalities among infants of women exposed to H 2 -receptor antagonists or other controls. A population-based retrospective cohort epidemiological study from the Swedish Medical Birth Registry, covering approximately 99% of pregnancies, from 1995 to 1999, reported on 955 infants (824 exposed during the first trimester with 39 of these exposed beyond first trimester, and 131 exposed after the first trimester) whose mothers used omeprazole during pregnancy. The number of infants exposed in utero to omeprazole that had any malformation, low birth weight, low Apgar score, or hospitalization was similar to the number observed in this population. The number of infants born with ventricular septal defects and the number of stillborn infants was slightly higher in the omeprazole-exposed infants than the expected number in this population. A population-based retrospective cohort study covering all live births in Denmark from 1996 to 2009, reported on 1,800 live births whose mothers used omeprazole during the first trimester of pregnancy and 837,317 live births whose mothers did not use any proton pump inhibitor. The overall rate of birth defects in infants born to mothers with first trimester exposure to omeprazole was 2.9% and 2.6% in infants born to mothers not exposed to any proton pump inhibitor during the first trimester. A retrospective cohort study reported on 689 pregnant women exposed to either H2-blockers or omeprazole in the first trimester (134 exposed to omeprazole) and 1,572 pregnant women unexposed to either during the first trimester. The overall malformation rate in offspring born to mothers with first trimester exposure to omeprazole, an H2-blocker, or were unexposed was 3.6%, 5.5%, and 4.1% respectively. A small prospective observational cohort study followed 113 women exposed to omeprazole during pregnancy (89% with first trimester exposures). The reported rate of major congenital malformations was 4% in the omeprazole group, 2% in controls exposed to non-teratogens, a …
Mechanism of Action
openFDA Drug Labeling12.1 Mechanism of Action Esomeprazole belongs to a class of antisecretory compounds, the substituted benzimidazoles, that suppress gastric acid secretion by specific inhibition of the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme system at the secretory surface of the gastric parietal cell. Esomeprazole is protonated and converted in the acidic compartment of the parietal cell forming the active inhibitor, the achiral sulphenamide. Because this enzyme system is regarded as the acid (proton) pump within the gastric mucosa, esomeprazole has been characterized as a gastric acid-pump inhibitor, in that it blocks the final step of acid production. This effect is dose-related and leads to inhibition of both basal and stimulated acid secretion irrespective of the stimulus.
Description
openFDA Drug Labeling11 DESCRIPTION The active ingredient in NEXIUM ® (esomeprazole magnesium) delayed-release capsules for oral administration and NEXIUM (esomeprazole magnesium) for delayed-release oral suspension is bis(5-methoxy-2-[(S)-[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-1 H -benzimidazole-1-yl) magnesium trihydrate, a PPI. Esomeprazole is the S-isomer of omeprazole, which is a mixture of the S- and R- isomers. (Initial U.S. approval of esomeprazole magnesium: 2001). Its molecular formula is (C 17 H 18 N 3 O 3 S) 2 Mg x 3 H 2 O with molecular weight of 767.2 as a trihydrate and 713.1 on an anhydrous basis. The structural formula is: The magnesium salt is a white to slightly colored crystalline powder. It contains 3 moles of water of solvation and is slightly soluble in water. The stability of esomeprazole magnesium is a function of pH; it rapidly degrades in acidic media, but it has acceptable stability under alkaline conditions. At pH 6.8 (buffer), the half-life of the magnesium salt is about 19 hours at 25°C and about 8 hours at 37°C. NEXIUM is supplied in delayed-release capsules and in packets for a delayed-release oral suspension. Each NEXIUM delayed-release capsule contains 20 mg of esomeprazole (equivalent to 22.3 mg esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate) or 40 mg of esomeprazole (equivalent to 44.5 mg esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate) in the form of enteric-coated granules with the following inactive ingredients: glyceryl monostearate 40-55, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, methacrylic acid copolymer type C, polysorbate 80, sugar spheres, talc, and triethyl citrate. The capsule shells have the following inactive ingredients: D&C Red #28, D&C Yellow #10, ethyl alcohol, FD&C Blue #1, FD&C Red #40, gelatin, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, propylene glycol, shellac, sodium hydroxide, and titanium dioxide. Each packet of NEXIUM for delayed-release oral suspension contains esomeprazole, in the form of same enteric-coated granules used in NEXIUM delayed-release capsules, and also inactive granules: • 2.5 mg esomeprazole (equivalent to 2.8 mg esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate) • 5 mg esomeprazole (equivalent to 5.6 mg esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate) • 10 mg esomeprazole (equivalent to 11.1 mg esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate) • 20 mg esomeprazole (equivalent to 22.3 mg esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate) • 40 mg esomeprazole (equivalent to 44.5 mg esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate) The inactive granules are composed of the following ingredients: citric acid, crospovidone, dextrose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, iron oxide, and xanthan gum. The esomeprazole granules and inactive granules are constituted with water to form a suspension and are given by oral, nasogastric, or gastric administration. Structural Formula
Overdosage
openFDA Drug Labeling10 OVERDOSAGE Manifestations in patients exposed to omeprazole, the racemic mixture, at doses up to 2,400 mg (120 times the usual recommended clinical dose) include confusion, drowsiness, blurred vision, tachycardia, nausea, diaphoresis, flushing, headache, dry mouth, and other adverse reactions similar to those seen at recommended dosages. See the full prescribing information for omeprazole for complete safety information. No specific antidote for esomeprazole is known. Since esomeprazole is extensively protein bound, it is not expected to be removed by dialysis. In the event of overdosage, treatment should be symptomatic and supportive. If over-exposure occurs, call your Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222 for current information on the management of poisoning or overdosage.
How Supplied / Storage and Handling
openFDA Drug Labeling16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING NEXIUM Delayed-Release Capsules, 20 mg esomeprazole, are opaque, hard gelatin, amethyst colored capsules with two radial bars in yellow on the cap and NEXIUM 20 mg in yellow on the body. They are supplied as follows: NDC 0186-5020-31 unit of use bottles of 30 NDC 0186-5020-54 bottles of 90 NEXIUM Delayed-Release Capsules, 40 mg esomeprazole, are opaque, hard gelatin, amethyst colored capsules with three radial bars in yellow on the cap and NEXIUM 40 mg in yellow on the body. They are supplied as follows: NDC 0186-5040-31 unit of use bottles of 30 NDC 0186-5040-54 bottles of 90 NEXIUM For Delayed-Release Oral Suspension is supplied as a unit dose packet containing a fine yellow powder, consisting of white to pale brownish esomeprazole granules and pale yellow inactive granules. NEXIUM unit dose packets are supplied as follows: NDC 0186-4025-01 unit dose packages of 30: 2.5 mg esomeprazole packets NDC 0186-4050-01 unit dose packages of 30: 5 mg esomeprazole packets NDC 0186-4010–01 unit dose packages of 30: 10 mg esomeprazole packets NDC 0186-4020–01 unit dose packages of 30: 20 mg esomeprazole packets NDC 0186-4040–01 unit dose packages of 30: 40 mg esomeprazole packets Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Keep NEXIUM delayed-release capsules container tightly closed. Dispense in a tight container if the NEXIUM delayed-release capsules product package is subdivided.
Adverse event reports
Source: openFDA FAERSAttributed to this product's most-reported active ingredient: ESOMEPRAZOLE MAGNESIUM TRIHYDRATE. Combination products with more than six active ingredients are not attributed, because a report count summed across a long ingredient list measures the list, not the medicine.
Recalls
Source: FDA Enforcement| Classification | Reported | Firm | Reason | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class III | July 18, 2012 | ASTRA ZENECA Lp | Adulterated Presence of Foreign Tablets/Capsules: Some bottles may contain a small number of Nexium 20 mg capsules intended for the Japanese market in addtion to Nexium 40 mg capsules. | Terminated |
Packaging and NDCs
Source: NDC Directory| Package NDC | Product NDC | Labeler | Description | Marketing start |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0186-4010-01 | 0186-4010 | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | 30 GRANULE, DELAYED RELEASE in 1 CARTON (0186-4010-01) | July 7, 2008 |
| 0186-4020-01 | 0186-4020 | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | 30 GRANULE, DELAYED RELEASE in 1 CARTON (0186-4020-01) | March 19, 2007 |
| 0186-4025-01 | 0186-4025 | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | 30 GRANULE, DELAYED RELEASE in 1 CARTON (0186-4025-01) | September 5, 2012 |
| 0186-4040-01 | 0186-4040 | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | 30 GRANULE, DELAYED RELEASE in 1 CARTON (0186-4040-01) | March 19, 2007 |
| 0186-4050-01 | 0186-4050 | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | 30 GRANULE, DELAYED RELEASE in 1 CARTON (0186-4050-01) | September 5, 2012 |
| 0186-4010 | 0186-4010 | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | — | July 7, 2008 |
| 0186-4020 | 0186-4020 | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | — | March 19, 2007 |
| 0186-4025 | 0186-4025 | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | — | June 1, 2012 |
| 0186-4040 | 0186-4040 | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | — | March 19, 2007 |
| 0186-4050 | 0186-4050 | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | — | June 1, 2012 |
Sources for this page
| Dataset | Agency | Used for |
|---|---|---|
| NDC Directory | FDA | Identity, ingredients, strengths, forms, routes, labelers, packages |
| Drugs@FDA | FDA | Application, sponsor, submissions, review documents, marketing status |
| Orange Book | FDA | Therapeutic equivalence codes, reference drug flags, patents, exclusivity |
| Drug Labeling | FDA / NLM | Prescribing information reproduced above |
| FAERS | FDA | Adverse event report counts |
| Enforcement | FDA | Recall records |
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