Liomny

Indications and Usage ( 1.1 , 1.2 , 1.3 ) 12/2018 Dosage and Administration ( 2.1 , 2.2 , 2.3 , 2.4 , 2.5 , 2.6 ) 12/2018 Contraindications ( 4 ) 12/2018 Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 , 5.2 , 5.3 , 5.4 , 5.5 , 5.6 ) 12/2018

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE LIOMNY is an L-triiodothyronine (T3) indicated for: Hypothyroidism: As replacement in primary (thyroidal), secondary (pituitary), and tertiary (hypothalamic) congenital or acquired hypothyroidism ( 1.1 ) Pituitary Thyrotropin (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, TSH) Suppression: As an adjunct to surgery and radioiodine therapy in the management of well-differentiated thyroid cancer ( 1.2 ) Thyroid Suppression Test: As a diagnostic agent in suppression tests to differentiate suspected mild hyperthyroidism or thyroid gland autonomy ( 1.3 ) Limitations of Use: - Not indicated for suppression of benign thyroid nodules and nontoxic diffuse goiter in iodine-sufficient patients. ( 1 ) - Not indicated for treatment of hypothyroidism during the recovery phase of subacute thyroiditis. ( 1 ) 1.1 Hypothyroidism LIOMNY is indicated as a replacement therapy in primary (thyroidal), secondary (pituitary), and tertiary (hypothalamic) congenital or acquired hypothyroidism. 1.2 Pituitary Thyrotropin (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, TSH) Suppression LIOMNY is indicated as an adjunct to surgery and radioiodine therapy in the management of well-differentiated thyroid cancer. 1.3 Thyroid Suppression Test LIOMNY is indicated as a diagnostic agent in suppression tests to differentiate suspected mild hyperthyroidism or thyroid gland autonomy. Limitations of Use LIOMNY is not indicated for suppression of benign thyroid nodules and nontoxic diffuse goiter in iodine-sufficient patients as there are no clinical benefits and overtreatment with LIOMNY may induce hyperthyroidism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ]. LIOMNY is not indicated for treatment of hypothyroidism during the recovery phase of subacute thyroiditis.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Administer LIOMNY orally once daily and individual dosage according to patient response and laboratory findings ( 2.1 ) See full prescribing information for recommended dosage for hypothyroidism ( 2.2 ) TSH suppression in well-differentiated thyroid cancer ( 2.3 ) and for thyroid suppression test ( 2.4 ) When switching a patient to LIOMNY discontinue levothyroxine therapy and initiate LIOMNY at a low dosage. Gradually increase the dose according to the patient's response ( 2.5 ) Adequacy of therapy determined with periodic monitoring of TSH and T3 levels as well as clinical status ( 2.6 ) 2.1 General Principles of Dosing The dose of LIOMNY for hypothyroidism or pituitary Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) suppression depends on a variety of factors including: the patient's age, body weight, cardiovascular status, concomitant medical conditions (including pregnancy), concomitant medications, co-administered food and the specific nature of the condition being treated [see Dosage and Administration (2.2 , 2.3 , 2.4 ), Warnings and Precautions (5) , and Drug Interactions (7) ] . Dosing must be individualized to account for these factors and dose adjustments made based on periodic assessment of the patient's clinical response and laboratory parameters [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) ]. Administer LIOMNY orally once daily. 2.2 Recommended Dosage for Hypothyroidism Adults The recommended starting dosage is 25 mcg orally once daily. Increase the dose by 25 mcg daily every 1 or 2 weeks, if needed. The usual maintenance dose is 25 mcg to 75 mcg once daily. For elderly patients or patients with underlying cardiac disease, start with LIOMNY 5 mcg once daily and increase by 5 mcg increments at the recommended intervals. Serum TSH is not a reliable measure of LIOMNY dose adequacy in patients with secondary or tertiary hypothyroidism and should not be used to monitor therapy. Use the serum T3 level to monitor adequacy of therapy in this patient population. Pediatric Patients The recommended starting dosage is 5 mcg once daily, with a 5 mcg increase every 3 to 4 days until the desired response is achieved. Infants a few months old may require 20 mcg once daily for maintenance. At 1 year of age, 50 mcg once daily may be required. Above 3 years of age, the full adult dosage may be necessary [see Use in Specific Populations (8.4) ]. Newborns (0 to 3 months) at Risk for Cardiac Failure: Consider a lower starting dose in infants at risk for cardiac failure. Increase the dose as needed based on clinical and laboratory response. Pediatric Patients at Risk for Hyperactivity: To minimize the risk of hyperactivity in pediatric patients, start at one-fourth the recommended full replacement dose, and increase on a weekly basis by one-fourth the full recommended replacement dose until the full recommended replacement dose is reached. Pregnancy Pre-existing Hypothyroidism: Thyroid hormone dose requirements may increase during pregnancy. Measure serum TSH and free-T4 as soon as pregnancy is confirmed and, at minimum, during each trimester of pregnancy. In patients with primary hypothyroidism, maintain serum TSH in the trimester-specific reference range. For patients with serum TSH above the normal trimester-specific range, increase the dose of thyroid hormone and measure TSH every 4 weeks until a stable dose is reached and serum TSH is within the normal trimester-specific range. Reduce thyroid hormone dosage to pre-pregnancy levels immediately after delivery and measure serum TSH levels 4 to 8 weeks postpartum to ensure thyroid hormone dose is appropriate. 2.3 Recommended Dosage for TSH Suppression in Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer The dose of LIOMNY should target TSH levels within the desired therapeutic range. This may require higher doses, depending on the target level for TSH suppression. 2.4 Recommended Dosage for Thyroid Suppression Test The recommended dose is 75 mcg to 100 mcg daily for 7 days, with radioactive io …

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Tablets (white to off-white, round, SC) available as follows: 5 mcg: debossed “σ” on one side and “5 μg” on the other side 25 mcg: debossed “σ” on one side and BISECTED on the other side with “25” debossed above the bisect and on “μg” debossed below the bisect 50 mcg: debossed “σ” on one side and BISECTED on the other side with “50” debossed above the bisect and on “μg” debossed below the bisect Tablets: 5 mcg, 25 mcg, 50 mcg

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS LIOMNY is contraindicated in patients with uncorrected adrenal insufficiency [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ]. Uncorrected adrenal cortical insufficiency

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS Adverse reactions associated with LIOMNY therapy are primarily those of hyperthyroidism due to therapeutic overdosage [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) and Overdosage (10) ] . They include the following: General: fatigue, increased appetite, weight loss, heat intolerance, fever, excessive sweating Central nervous system: headache, hyperactivity, nervousness, anxiety, irritability, emotional lability, insomnia Musculoskeletal : tremors, muscle weakness and cramps Cardiovascular: palpitations, tachycardia, arrhythmias, increased pulse and blood pressure, heart failure, angina, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest Respiratory: dyspnea Gastrointestinal: diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, elevations in liver function tests Dermatologic: hair loss, flushing Endocrine: decreased bone mineral density Reproductive: menstrual irregularities, impaired fertility Adverse Reactions in Pediatric Patients Pseudotumor cerebri and slipped capital femoral epiphysis have been reported in pediatric patients receiving thyroid replacement therapy. Overtreatment may result in craniosynostosis in infants and premature closure of the epiphyses in pediatric patients with resultant compromised adult height. Hypersensitivity Reactions Hypersensitivity reactions to inactive ingredients have occurred in patients treated with thyroid hormone products. These include urticaria, pruritus, skin rash, flushing, angioedema, various gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea), fever, arthralgia, serum sickness and wheezing. To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS , contact Sigmapharm Laboratories, LLC, Pharmacovigilance at 1-855-332-0731 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. Most common adverse reactions for LIOMNY are primarily those of hyperthyroidism due to therapeutic overdosage: arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, dyspnea, headache, nervousness, irritability, insomnia, tremors, muscle weakness, increased appetite, weight loss, diarrhea, heat intolerance, menstrual irregularities, and skin rash To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Sigmapharm Laboratories, LLC, Pharmacovigilance at 1-855-332-0731 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS See full prescribing information for drugs that affect thyroid hormone pharmacokinetics and metabolism (e.g., absorption, synthesis, secretion, catabolism, protein binding, and target tissue response) and may alter the therapeutic response to LIOMNY 7.1 Drugs Known to Affect Thyroid Hormone Pharmacokinetics Many drugs can exert effects on thyroid hormone pharmacokinetics (e.g. absorption, synthesis, secretion, catabolism, protein binding, and target tissue response) and may alter the therapeutic response to LIOMNY (see Tables 1 - 4). Table 1: Drugs That May Decrease T3 Absorption (Hypothyroidism) Potential impact: Concurrent use may reduce the efficacy of LIOMNY by binding and delaying or preventing absorption, potentially resulting in hypothyroidism. Drug or Drug Class Effect Bile Acid Sequestrants -Colesevelam -Cholestyramine -Colestipol Ion Exchange Resins -Kayexalate -Sevelamer Bile acid sequestrants and ion exchange resins are known to decrease thyroid hormones absorption. Administer LIOMNY at least 4 hours prior to these drugs or monitor thyrotropin-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Table 2: Drugs That May Alter Triiodothyronine (T3) Serum Transport Without Affecting Free Thyroxine (FT4) Concentration (Euthyroidism) Drug or Drug Class Effect Clofibrate Estrogen-containing oral contraceptives Estrogens (oral) Heroin / Methadone 5-Fluorouracil Mitotane Tamoxifen These drugs may increase serum thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) concentration. Androgens / Anabolic Steroids Asparaginase Glucocorticoids Slow-Release Nicotinic Acid These drugs may decrease serum TBG concentration. Salicylates (>2 g/day) Salicylates inhibit binding of T4 and T3 to TBG and transthyretin. An initial increase in serum FT4 is followed by return of FT4 to normal levels with sustained therapeutic serum salicylate concentrations, although total T4 levels may decrease by as much as 30%. Other drugs: Carbamazepine Furosemide (>80 mg IV) Heparin Hydantoins Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs - Fenamates These drugs may cause protein binding site displacement. Furosemide has been shown to inhibit the protein binding of T4 to TBG and albumin, causing an increased free-T4 fraction in serum. Furosemide competes for T4-binding sites on TBG, prealbumin, and albumin, so that a single high dose can acutely lower the total T4 level. Phenytoin and carbamazepine reduce serum protein binding of thyroid hormones, and total and FT4 may be reduced by 20% to 40%, but most patients have normal serum TSH levels and are clinically euthyroid. Closely monitor thyroid hormone parameters. Table 3: Drugs That May Alter Hepatic Metabolism of Thyroid hormones Potential impact: Stimulation of hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzyme activity may cause increased hepatic degradation of thyroid hormones, resulting in increased liothyronine sodium requirements. Drug or Drug Class Effect Phenobarbital Rifampin Phenobarbital has been shown to reduce the response to thyroxine. Phenobarbital increases L-thyroxine metabolism by inducing uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and leads to a lower T4 serum levels. Changes in thyroid status may occur if barbiturates are added or withdrawn from patients being treated for hypothyroidism. Rifampin has been shown to accelerate the metabolism of thyroid hormones. Table 4: Drugs That May Decrease Conversion of T4 to T3 Potential impact: Administration of these enzyme inhibitors decreases the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3, leading to decreased T3 levels. However, serum T4 levels are usually normal but may occasionally be slightly increased. Drug or Drug Class Effect Beta-adrenergic antagonists (e.g., Propranolol >160 mg/day) In patients treated with large doses of propranolol (>160 mg/day), T3 and T4 levels change, TSH levels remain normal, and patients are clinically euthyroid. Actions of particular beta-adrenergic antagonists may be impaired when a hypothyroid patient is converted to the euthyroid state. Gluco …

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Pregnancy may require the use of higher doses of thyroid hormone ( 2.2 , 8.1 ) 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Experience with liothyronine use in pregnant women, including data from post-marketing studies, have not reported increased rates of major birth defects or miscarriages (see Data ). There are risks to the mother and fetus associated with untreated hypothyroidism in pregnancy. Since TSH levels may increase during pregnancy, TSH should be monitored and LIOMNY dosage adjusted during pregnancy (see Clinical Considerations ). There are no animal studies conducted with liothyronine during pregnancy. LIOMNY should not be discontinued during pregnancy and hypothyroidism diagnosed during pregnancy should be promptly treated. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-associated maternal and/or embryo/fetal risk Maternal hypothyroidism during pregnancy is associated with a higher rate of complications, including spontaneous abortion, gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, stillbirth, and premature delivery. Untreated maternal hypothyroidism may have an adverse effect on fetal neurocognitive development. Dose adjustments during pregnancy and the postpartum period Pregnancy may increase LIOMNY requirements. Serum TSH levels should be monitored and the LIOMNY dosage adjusted during pregnancy. Since postpartum TSH levels are similar to preconception values, the LIOMNY dosage should return to the pre-pregnancy dose immediately after delivery [see Dosage and Administration (2.3) ] . Data Human Data Liothyronine is approved for use as a replacement therapy for hypothyroidism. Data from post-marketing studies have not reported increased rates of fetal malformations, miscarriages, or other adverse maternal or fetal outcomes associated with liothyronine use in pregnant women. 8.2 Lactation Risk Summary Limited published studies report that liothyronine is present in human milk. However, there is insufficient information to determine the effects of liothyronine on the breastfed infant and no available information on the effects of liothyronine on milk production. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for LIOMNY and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from LIOMNY or from the underlying maternal condition. 8.4 Pediatric Use The initial dose of LIOMNY varies with age and body weight. Dosing adjustments are based on an assessment of the individual patient's clinical and laboratory parameters [see Dosage and Administration (2.3 , 2.4 )]. In pediatric patients in whom a diagnosis of permanent hypothyroidism has not been established, discontinue thyroid hormone for a trial period, but only after the child is at least 3 years of age. Obtain serum TSH, T4, and T3 levels at the end of the trial period, and use laboratory test results and clinical assessments to guide diagnosis and treatment, if warranted [see Dosage and Administration (2.6) ]. Congenital Hypothyroidism [see Dosage and Administration (2.2 , 2.6 )] Rapid restoration of normal serum T4 concentrations is essential for preventing the adverse effects of congenital hypothyroidism on intellectual development as well as on overall physical growth and maturation. Therefore, initiate thyroid hormone immediately upon diagnosis. Thyroid hormone is generally continued for life in these patients. Closely monitor infants during the first 2 weeks of thyroid hormone therapy for cardiac overload, arrhythmias, and aspiration from avid suckling. Closely monitor patients to avoid undertreatment or overtreatment. Undertreatment may have deleterious effects on intellectual development and linear growth. Overtreatme …

12.1 Mechanism of Action Thyroid hormones exert their physiologic actions through control of DNA transcription and protein synthesis. Triiodothyronine (T3) and L-thyroxine (T4) diffuse into the cell nucleus and bind to thyroid receptor proteins attached to DNA. This hormone nuclear receptor complex activates gene transcription and synthesis of messenger RNA and cytoplasmic proteins. The physiological actions of thyroid hormones are produced predominantly by T3, the majority of which (approximately 80%) is derived from T4 by deiodination in peripheral tissues.

11 DESCRIPTION LIOMNY contains the active ingredient, liothyronine (L-triiodothyronine or LT3), a synthetic form of a thyroid hormone liothyronine in sodium salt form. It is chemically designated as L-Tyrosine, O -(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenyl)-3,5-diiodo-, monosodium salt. The molecular formula, molecular weight and structural formula of liothyronine sodium are given below. LIOMNY contains liothyronine sodium equivalent to liothyronine in 5 mcg, 25 mcg, and 50 mcg. Inactive ingredients consist of calcium sulfate dihydrate, corn starch, gelatin, magnesium stearate and mannitol. image description

10 OVERDOSAGE The signs and symptoms of overdosage are those of hyperthyroidism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) and Adverse Reactions (6) ] . In addition, confusion and disorientation may occur. Cerebral embolism, seizure, shock, coma, and death have been reported. Symptoms may not necessarily be evident or may not appear until several days after ingestion. Reduce the LIOMNY dose or temporarily discontinued if signs or symptoms of overdosage occur. Initiate appropriate supportive treatment as dictated by the patient's medical status. For current information on the management of poisoning or overdosage, contact the National Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222 or www.poison.org.

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING LIOMNY tablets (white to off-white, round, SC) are supplied as follows: Strength Tablet Markings NDC 5 mcg debossed “σ” on one side and “5 μg” on the other side 30 count - 42794-131-08 60 count - 42794-131-10 90 count - 42794-131-12 100 count - 42794-131-02 1000 count - 42794-131-06 25 mcg debossed “σ” on one side and BISECTED on the other side with “25” debossed above the bisect and “μg” debossed below the bisect 30 count - 42794-132-08 60 count - 42794-132-10 90 count - 42794-132-12 100 count - 42794-132-02 1000 count - 42794-132-06 50 mcg debossed “σ” on one side and BISECTED on the other side with “50” debossed above the bisect and “μg” debossed below the bisect 30 count - 42794-133-08 60 count - 42794-133-10 90 count - 42794-133-12 100 count - 42794-133-02 1000 count - 42794-133-06 Store between 15°C and 30°C (59°F and 86°F).