budesonide

Warnings and Precautions Immunosuppression and Increased Risk of Infection ( 5.3 ) 06/2024 Kaposi's Sarcoma ( 5.4 ) 06/2024

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Budesonide delayed-release capsules are a corticosteroid indicated for: • Treatment of mild to moderate active Crohn’s disease involving the ileum and/or the ascending colon, in patients 8 years and older. ( 1.1 ) • Maintenance of clinical remission of mild to moderate Crohn’s disease involving the ileum and/or the ascending colon for up to 3 months in adults. ( 1.2 ) 1.1 Treatment of Mild to Moderate Active Crohn’s Disease Budesonide delayed-release capsules are indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate active Crohn's disease involving the ileum and/or the ascending colon in patients 8 years of age and older. 1.2 Maintenance of Clinical Remission of Mild to Moderate Crohn’s Disease Budesonide delayed-release capsules are indicated for the maintenance of clinical remission of mild to moderate Crohn’s disease involving the ileum and/or the ascending colon for up to 3 months in adults.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Administration Instructions ( 2.1 ): • Take once daily in the morning. • Swallow whole. Do not chew or crush. • For patients unable to swallow an intact capsule, open the capsules and empty the granules onto one tablespoonful of applesauce. Mix and consume the entire contents within 30 minutes. Do not chew or crush. Follow with 8 ounces of water. • Avoid consumption of grapefruit juice for the duration of therapy. Recommended Dosage : Mild to moderate active Crohn’s disease ( 2.2 ): • Adults: 9 mg once daily for up to 8 weeks; repeat 8 week treatment courses for recurring episodes of active disease. • Pediatrics 8 to 17 years who weigh more than 25 kg: 9 mg once daily for up to 8 weeks, followed by 6 mg once daily in the morning for 2 weeks. Maintenance of clinical remission of mild to moderate Crohn’s disease ( 2.3 ): • Adults: 6 mg once daily for up to 3 months; taper to complete cessation after 3 months. Continued treatment for more than 3 months has not been shown to provide substantial clinical benefit. • When switching from oral prednisolone, begin tapering prednisolone concomitantly with initiating budesonide delayed-release capsules. Hepatic Impairment : • Consider reducing the dosage to 3 mg once daily in adult patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class B). ( 2.4 , 5.1 , 8.6 ) 2.1 Administration Instructions • Take budesonide delayed-release capsules once daily in the morning. • Swallow budesonide delayed-release capsules whole. Do not chew or crush. • For patients unable to swallow an intact capsule, budesonide delayed-release capsules can be opened and administered as follows: 1. Place one tablespoonful of applesauce into a clean container (e.g., empty bowl). The applesauce used should not be hot and should be soft enough to be swallowed without chewing. 2. Open the capsule(s). 3. Carefully empty all the granules inside the capsule(s) on the applesauce. 4. Mix the granules with the applesauce. 5. Consume the entire contents within 30 minutes of mixing. Do not chew or crush the granules. Do not save the applesauce and granules for future use. 6. Follow the applesauce and granules immediately with a glass (8 ounces) of cool water to ensure complete swallowing of the granules. • Avoid consumption of grapefruit juice for the duration of budesonide delayed-release capsule therapy [see Drug Interactions (7.1)] . 2.2 Treatment of Mild to Moderate Active Crohn’s Disease The recommended dosage of budesonide delayed-release capsules is: Adults : 9 mg orally once daily for up to 8 weeks. Repeated 8 week courses of budesonide delayed-release capsules can be given for recurring episodes of active disease. Pediatric patients 8 to 17 years who weigh more than 25 kg : 9 mg orally once daily for up to 8 weeks, followed by 6 mg once daily for 2 weeks. 2.3 Maintenance of Clinical Remission of Mild to Moderate Crohn’s Disease The recommended dosage in adults, following an 8 week course(s) of treatment for active disease and once the patient’s symptoms are controlled (CDAI less than 150), is budesonide delayed-release capsules 6 mg orally once daily for maintenance of clinical remission up to 3 months. If symptom control is still maintained at 3 months an attempt to taper to complete cessation is recommended. Continued treatment with budesonide delayed-release capsules 6 mg for more than 3 months has not been shown to provide substantial clinical benefit. Patients with mild to moderate active Crohn’s disease involving the ileum and/or ascending colon have been switched from oral prednisolone to budesonide delayed-release capsules with no reported episodes of adrenal insufficiency. Since prednisolone should not be stopped abruptly, tapering should begin concomitantly with initiating budesonide delayed-release capsules treatment. 2.4 Dosage Adjustment in Adult Patients with Hepatic Impairment Consider reducing the dosage of budesonide delayed-release capsules to 3 mg once daily for adult patien …

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Delayed-Release Capsules: 3 mg hard gelatin capsules with an opaque light grey body and an opaque pink cap, coded with ENTOCORT EC 3 mg. Delayed-release Capsules: 3 mg ( 3 )

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Budesonide delayed-release capsules are contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to budesonide or any of the ingredients of budesonide delayed-release capsules. Serious hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis have occurred [see Adverse Reactions (6.2)] . Hypersensitivity to budesonide or any of the ingredients in budesonide delayed-release capsules. ( 4 )

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in labeling: • Hypercorticism and adrenal axis suppression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] • Symptoms of steroid withdrawal in those patients transferred from other systemic corticosteroids [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] • Immunosuppression and increased risk of infection [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] • Kaposi’s sarcoma [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] • Other corticosteroid effects [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] Most common adverse reactions (≥5%) in adults are: headache, respiratory infection, nausea, back pain, dyspepsia, dizziness, abdominal pain, flatulence, vomiting, fatigue, and pain. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Padagis ® at 1-866-634-9120 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Adults The data described below reflect exposure to budesonide delayed-release capsules in 520 patients with Crohn’s disease, including 520 exposed to 9 mg per day (total daily dose) for 8 weeks and 145 exposed to 6 mg per day for one year in placebo controlled clinical trials. Of the 520 patients, 38% were males and the age range was 17 to 74 years. Treatment of Mild to Moderate Active Crohn’s Disease The safety of budesonide delayed-release capsules was evaluated in 651 adult patients in five clinical trials of 8 weeks duration in patients with active mild to moderate Crohn’s disease. The most common adverse reactions, occurring in greater than or equal to 5% of the patients, are listed in Table 1. Table 1: Common Adverse Reactions 1 in 8-Week Treatment Clinical Trials Adverse Reaction Budesonide Delayed-Release Capsules 9 mg n=520 Number (%) Placebo n=107 Number (%) Prednisolone 2 40 mg n=145 Number (%) Comparator 3 n=88 Number (%) Headache 107 (21) 19 (18) 31 (21) 11 (13) Respiratory Infection 55 (11) 7 (7) 20 (14) 5 (6) Nausea 57 (11) 10 (9) 18 (12) 7 (8) Back Pain 36 (7) 10 (9) 17 (12) 5 (6) Dyspepsia 31 (6) 4 (4) 17 (12) 3 (3) Dizziness 38 (7) 5 (5) 18 (12) 5 (6) Abdominal Pain 32 (6) 18 (17) 6 (4) 10 (11) Flatulence 30 (6) 6 (6) 12 (8) 5 (6) Vomiting 29 (6) 6 (6) 6 (4) 6 (7) Fatigue 25 (5) 8 (7) 11 (8) 0 (0) Pain 24 (5) 8 (7) 17 (12) 2 (2) 1. Occurring in greater than or equal to 5% of the patients in any treated group. 2. Prednisolone tapering scheme: either 40 mg in week 1 to 2, thereafter tapering with 5 mg per week; or 40 mg in week 1 to 2, 30 mg in week 3 to 4, thereafter tapering with 5 mg per week. 3. This drug is not approved for the treatment of Crohn’s disease in the United States. The incidence of signs and symptoms of hypercorticism reported by active questioning of patients in 4 of the 5 short-term clinical trials are displayed in Table 2. Table 2: Summary and Incidence of Signs/Symptoms of Hypercorticism in 8-Week Treatment Clinical Trials Signs/Symptom Budesonide Delayed-Release Capsules 9 mg n=427 Number (%) Placebo n=107 Number (%) Prednisolone 1 40 mg n=145 Number (%) Total 145 (34%) 29 (27%) 69 (48%) Acne 63 (15) 14 (13) 33 (23) 2 Bruising Easily 63 (15) 12 (11) 13 (9) Moon Face 46 (11) 4 (4) 53 (37) 2 Swollen Ankles 32 (7) 6 (6) 13 (9) Hirsutism 3 22 (5) 2 (2) 5 (3) Buffalo Hump 6 (1) 2 (2) 5 (3) Skin Striae 4 (1) 2 (2) 0 (0) 1. Prednisolone tapering scheme: either 40 mg in week 1-2, thereafter tapering with 5 mg/week; or 40 mg in week 1 to 2, 30 mg in week 3 to 4, thereafter tapering with 5 mg/week. 2. Statistically significantly different from budesonide delayed-release capsules 9 mg 3. Including hair growth increased, local and hair growth increased, general Maintenance of Clinical Remission of Mild to Moderate Crohn’s Disease The safety of budesonide delayed-relea …

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS CYP3A4 Inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, grapefruit juice) : Can increase systemic budesonide concentrations: avoid use. ( 2.1 , 7.1 ) 7.1 CYP3A4 Inhibitors Budesonide is a substrate for CYP3A4. Avoid use with CYP3A4 inhibitors. Concomitant oral administration of a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor (ketoconazole) caused an eight-fold increase of the systemic exposure to oral budesonide. Inhibitors of CYP3A4 (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir, indinavir, saquinavir, erythromycin, and cyclosporine) can increase systemic budesonide concentrations [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] . Grapefruit Juice Avoid ingestion of grapefruit juice with budesonide. Intake of grapefruit juice which inhibits CYP3A4 activity with budesonide can increase the systemic exposure for budesonide [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS Pregnancy : Based on animal data, may cause fetal harm. ( 8.1 ) 8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Limited published studies report on the use of budesonide in pregnant women; however, the data are insufficient to inform a drug-associated risk for major birth defects and miscarriage. There are clinical considerations [see Clinical Considerations] . In animal reproduction studies with pregnant rats and rabbits, administration of subcutaneous budesonide during organogenesis at doses approximately 0.5 times or 0.05 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose, resulted in increased fetal loss, decreased pup weights, and skeletal abnormalities. Maternal toxicity was observed in both rats and rabbits at these dose levels [see Data] . Based on animal data, advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage of the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-Associated Maternal and/or Embryo/Fetal Risk Some published epidemiological studies show an association of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with Crohn’s disease, including preterm birth and low birth weight infants, during periods of increased disease activity (including increased stool frequency and abdominal pain). Pregnant women with Crohn’s disease should be counseled regarding the importance of controlling disease. Fetal/Neonatal adverse reactions Hypoadrenalism may occur in infants born of mothers receiving corticosteroids during pregnancy. Infants should be carefully observed for signs of hypoadrenalism, such as poor feeding, irritability, weakness, and vomiting, and managed accordingly [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] . Data Animal Data Budesonide was teratogenic and embryolethal in rabbits and rats. In an embryo-fetal development study in pregnant rats dosed subcutaneously with budesonide during the period of organogenesis from gestation days 6-15 there were effects on fetal development and survival at subcutaneous doses up to approximately 500 mcg/kg in rats (approximately 0.5 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis). In an embryo-fetal development study in pregnant rabbits dosed during the period of organogenesis from gestation days 6-18, there was an increase in maternal abortion, and effects on fetal development and reduction in litter weights at subcutaneous doses up to approximately 25 mcg/kg in rabbits (approximately 0.05 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis). Maternal toxicity, including reduction in body weight gain, was observed at subcutaneous doses of 5 mcg/kg in rabbits (approximately 0.01 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis) and 500 mcg/kg in rats (approximately 0.5 times the maximum recommended human dose on a body surface area basis). In a peri-and post-natal development study, rats dosed subcutaneously with budesonide during the period of Day 15 post coitum to Day 21 postpartum, budesonide had no effects on delivery but did have an effect on growth and development of offspring. In addition, offspring survival was reduced and surviving offspring had decreased mean body weights at birth and during lactation at exposures 0.02 times the MRHD (on a mg/m 2 basis at maternal subcutaneous doses of 20 mcg/kg/day and higher). These findings occurred in the presence of maternal toxicity. 8.2 Lactation Risk Summary Lactation studies have not been conducted with oral budesonide, including budesonide delayed-release capsules, and no information is available on the effects of the drug on the breastfed infant or the effects of the drug on milk production. One published study repo …

12.1 Mechanism of Action Budesonide is an anti-inflammatory corticosteroid and has a high glucocorticoid effect and a weak mineralocorticoid effect, and the affinity of budesonide to glucocorticoid receptors, which reflects the intrinsic potency of the drug, is about 200-fold that of cortisol and 15-fold that of prednisolone.

11 DESCRIPTION Budesonide, the active ingredient of budesonide delayed-release capsules, is a synthetic corticosteroid. Budesonide is designated chemically as (RS)-11β, 16α, 17,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione cyclic 16,17-acetal with butyraldehyde. Budesonide is provided as a mixture of two epimers (22R and 22S). The empirical formula of budesonide is C 25 H 34 O 6 and its molecular weight is 430.5. Its structural formula is: Budesonide is a white to off-white, tasteless, odorless powder that is practically insoluble in water and heptane, sparingly soluble in ethanol, and freely soluble in chloroform. Its partition coefficient between octanol and water at pH 5 is 1.6 x 10 3 ionic strength 0.01. Budesonide delayed-release capsules are formulated as hard gelatin capsules filled with enteric-coated granules that dissolve at pH greater than 5.5. Each capsule for oral administration contains 3 mg of micronized budesonide with the following inactive ingredients: ethylcellulose, acetyltributyl citrate, methacrylic acid copolymer type C, triethyl citrate, antifoam M, polysorbate 80, talc, and sugar spheres. The capsule shells have the following inactive ingredients: gelatin, iron oxide, and titanium dioxide. epimer-22r epimer-22s

10 OVERDOSAGE Reports of acute toxicity and/or death following overdosage of glucocorticoids are rare. Treatment consists of immediate gastric lavage or emesis followed by supportive and symptomatic therapy. If corticosteroids are used at excessive doses for prolonged periods, systemic corticosteroid effects such as hypercorticism and adrenal axis suppression may occur. For chronic overdosage in the case of severe disease requiring continuous steroid therapy, the dosage may be reduced temporarily. Single oral doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg were lethal in female and male mice, respectively. The signs of acute toxicity were decreased motor activity, piloerection and generalized edema.

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Budesonide 3 mg delayed-release capsules are hard gelatin capsules with an opaque light grey body and an opaque pink cap, coded with ENTOCORT EC 3 mg on the capsule and are supplied as follows: NDC 72162-2473-01 Bottles of 100 NDC 72162-2473-02 Bottles of 100 Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted to 15-30°C (59-86°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Keep container tightly closed. Repackaged/Relabeled by: Bryant Ranch Prepack Burbank, CA 91504